Miniature Elastomeric Valve Design for Safe Direct Current Stimulator.
Miniature Elastomeric Valve Design for Safe Direct Current Stimulator.
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DOI：
10.1109/biocas.2017.8325194
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发表时间：
2017-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fridman, Gene
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cheng, Chaojun;Thakur, Raviraj;Fridman, Gene
出于安全原因，商业神经植入物使用电荷平衡的双相脉冲，通过金属电极与目标神经元相互作用。使用短的两相脉冲来避免电极-组织界面处的不可逆电化学反应。双相脉冲在兴奋神经元方面是有效的，但在抑制它们的活动方面相当有限。相比之下，直流电既可以兴奋神经元，也可以抑制神经元，但如果传递到金属电极上，就会产生有毒的电化学反应。我们最近推出了安全的直流刺激器(SDCS)技术，它可以在不违反安全标准的情况下兴奋或抑制神经元。SDCS使用流体通道和机械阀门网络从两相输入信号产生离子直流(IDC)，而不是直流电。将SDCS的概念从台式设计转变为可植入的神经假体的关键因素是微型瓣膜的设计。在这项工作中，我们提出了基于聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)的弹性体阀门、挤压阀(SV)和柱塞阀(PV)能够由形状记忆合金丝驱动。
For safety reasons, commercial neural implants use charge-balanced biphasic pulses to interact with target neurons using metal electrodes. Short biphasic pulses are used to avoid irreversible electrochemical reactions at the electrode-tissue interfaces. Biphasic pulses are effective at exciting neurons, but quite limited in inhibiting their activity. In contrast, direct current can both excite and inhibit neurons, however delivered to metal electrodes, it causes toxic electrochemical reactions. We recently introduced Safe Direct Current Stimulator (SDCS) technology, which can excite or inhibit neurons without violating the safety criteria. Instead of direct current, SDCS generates an ionic direct current (iDC) from a biphasic input signal using a network of fluidic channels and mechanical valves. A key enabler towards transforming SDCS concept from a benchtop design to an implantable neural prosthesis is the design of a miniature valve. In this work, we present poly-dimethylsiloxane (PDMS) based elastomeric valves, squeeze valve (SV) and plunger valve (PV) capable of being actuated using a shape memory alloy wire.