Hepatitis B and Hepatitis D Viruses: A Comprehensive Update with an Immunological Focus.
Hepatitis B and Hepatitis D Viruses: A Comprehensive Update with an Immunological Focus.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms232415973
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发表时间：
2022-12-15
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Borenstein, Ronen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sausen, Daniel G.;Shechter, Oren;Bietsch, William;Shi, Zhenzhen;Miller, Samantha M.;Gallo, Elisa S.;Dahari, Harel;Borenstein, Ronen
B型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丁型肝炎病毒（HDV）是高度流行的病毒，估计分别感染全世界约3亿人和1200 - 7200万人。HDV需要HBV包膜来建立成功的感染。HBV和HDV同时感染可能导致比HBV单独感染更严重的疾病结局。这些病毒可引起严重的肝脏疾病，包括肝硬化、暴发性肝炎和肝细胞癌，并且是全球死亡率的重要原因。因此，彻底了解这些病毒及其产生的免疫反应对于加强疾病管理至关重要。这篇综述包括HBV和HDV病毒的概述，包括生命周期，结构，感染的自然过程和组织病理学。HDV RNA和HBV DNA之间的相互作用在慢性感染的讨论也包括在内。然后讨论了免疫应答的特征，重点是对抗原性肝炎B表面抗原的反应，包括小、中和大表面抗原。本文还综述了丁型肝炎抗原（包括小抗原和大抗原）的免疫应答特征，丁型肝炎抗原是丁型肝炎表达的唯一蛋白。最后，我们总结了有关这些病毒的最新治疗进展的讨论。
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) are highly prevalent viruses estimated to infect approximately 300 million people and 12–72 million people worldwide, respectively. HDV requires the HBV envelope to establish a successful infection. Concurrent infection with HBV and HDV can result in more severe disease outcomes than infection with HBV alone. These viruses can cause significant hepatic disease, including cirrhosis, fulminant hepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, and represent a significant cause of global mortality. Therefore, a thorough understanding of these viruses and the immune response they generate is essential to enhance disease management. This review includes an overview of the HBV and HDV viruses, including life cycle, structure, natural course of infection, and histopathology. A discussion of the interplay between HDV RNA and HBV DNA during chronic infection is also included. It then discusses characteristics of the immune response with a focus on reactions to the antigenic hepatitis B surface antigen, including small, middle, and large surface antigens. This paper also reviews characteristics of the immune response to the hepatitis D antigen (including small and large antigens), the only protein expressed by hepatitis D. Lastly, we conclude with a discussion of recent therapeutic advances pertaining to these viruses.
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影响因子：
24.5
作者：
Aliabadi, Elmira;Urbanek-Quaing, Melanie;Maasoumy, Benjamin;Bremer, Birgit;Grasshoff, Martin;Li, Yang;Niehaus, Christian E.;Wedemeyer, Heiner;Kraft, Anke R. M.;Cornberg, Markus
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Gault, Elyanne
影响因子：
25.7
作者：
Bengsch, Bertram;Martin, Bianca;Thimme, Robert
通讯作者：
Thimme, Robert