Internal structural properties of the humeral diaphyses in an early modern human from Tianyuan Cave, China
Internal structural properties of the humeral diaphyses in an early modern human from Tianyuan Cave, China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.quaint.2021.04.012
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发表时间：
2021-04
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
P. Wei;Yuhao Zhao;C. Walker;Jianing He;Xiaoyu Lu;Jiaming Hui;Wuyang Shui;Li Jin;Wu Liu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Wei;Yuhao Zhao;C. Walker;Jianing He;Xiaoyu Lu;Jiaming Hui;Wuyang Shui;Li Jin;Wu Liu
由于长骨骨干的横截面几何形状保留了骨骼机械载荷历史的证据，因此骨骼横截面特性的检查可用于告知其载荷历史。在这里，我们使用一种新的彩色地图的方法来定量可视化的地形皮质骨，二阶矩的面积，和极矩的面积沿着肱骨骨干揭示了潜在的操纵行为的天元1号化石人类（智人）。我们比较了天源1号和中国两个全新世群体的肱骨。结果表明，天源1号右肱骨干的标准化皮质骨厚度、标准化面积二阶矩和标准化面积极矩均大于左肱骨干。这一证据支持了这个人是右撇子的假设。相对于左肱骨，右肱骨中段更大的内侧和外侧皮质强化可能与右臂单侧体力活动增加有关。与最近人类农学家的肱骨下部不对称不同，相对较高的双侧不对称，加上相对较大的股骨健壮性，表明与本研究所调查的农学家相比，天元1号生活方式活跃。左右肱骨的双侧不对称性可能比仅一侧的皮质厚度或硬度值更能区分化石和现代人类样本。本研究还表明，上肢内部结构可以为推断古人类的行为提供重要信息。
Since the cross-sectional geometries of long bone diaphyses preserve evidence of a bone's mechanical loading history, examination of a bones' cross-sectional properties can be used to inform its loading history. Here, we use a novel colormap method to quantitatively visualize the topography of cortical bone, second moment of areas, and polar moment of areas along the humeral diaphyses to shed light on the potential manipulative behaviors of the Tianyuan 1 fossil human (Homo sapiens). We compare both humeri of Tianyuan 1 to two Holocene Chinese populations. Our results show that the standardized cortical bone thickness, standardized second moment of areas, and standardized polar moment of areas of Tianyuan 1's right humeral diaphysis are greater than those of the left diaphysis. This evidence supports the hypothesis that the individual was right-handed. The greater medial and lateral cortical reinforcement in the right midshaft humerus, relative to that of the left humerus, may be related to increased unilateral physical activity of the right arm. Unlike the lower humeral asymmetry of recent human agriculturalists, the relatively higher bilateral asymmetry, combined with the relatively larger femoral robusticity, indicate that Tianyuan 1 lived an activity lifestyle compared to the agriculturalists investigated in this study. The bilateral asymmetry of the right and left humeri may be more informative for discriminating between fossil and recent modern human samples than cortical thickness or rigidity values in only one side. This study also indicates that upper limb internal structures can provide important information for inferring the behavior of ancient hominins.