Is the exosome a potential target for cancer immunotherapy?
Is the exosome a potential target for cancer immunotherapy?
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DOI：
10.21037/atm.2017.01.47
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发表时间：
2017-08
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Yoshimura;Kenjiro Sawada;T. Kimura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Yoshimura;Kenjiro Sawada;T. Kimura
外泌体是纳米级（直径30-100 nm）的膜囊泡，具有内吞起源，通过传递蛋白质、脂质、DNA、mRNA和microRNA （miRNA）与其他细胞相互作用（1,2）。外泌体根据细胞来源的不同具有不同的生物学功能，如肿瘤细胞侵袭、细胞间通讯和抗原递呈（3,4）。2012年，Peinado等人。(5)发现高转移性黑色素瘤可以通过外泌体转移受体酪氨酸激酶MET对骨髓祖细胞进行重编程，从而提高其转移能力。随后，Hoshino等。(6)证明了肿瘤来源的外泌体被器官特异性细胞吸收，形成了转移前生态位。其中，外泌体整合素α6β4和α6β1与肺转移有关，外泌体整合素αvβ5与肝转移有关。最近，Nakamura等人。(7)报道卵巢癌来源的外泌体将CD44转移到周围的腹膜间皮细胞，从而促进癌症的侵袭。
Exosomes are nano-sized (30–100 nm in diameter) membrane vesicles of endocytic origin, which interact with other cells by transferring proteins, lipids, DNA, mRNA, and microRNA (miRNA) (1,2). Exosomes have diverse biological functions depending on the cell type of origin, such as tumor cell invasion, intercellular communication, and antigen presentation (3,4). In 2012, Peinado et al . (5) revealed that highly metastatic melanomas could reprogram bone marrow progenitor cells through transferring the receptor tyrosine kinase MET via exosomes, and thus increase their metastatic ability. Subsequently, Hoshino et al . (6) demonstrated that tumor-derived exosomes uptaken by organ-specific cells prepare the pre-metastatic niche. Specifically, exosomal integrins α6β4 and α6β1 were associated with lung metastasis, while exosomal integrin αvβ5 was linked to liver metastasis. More recently, Nakamura et al . (7) reported that ovarian cancer-derived exosomes transfer CD44 to surrounding peritoneal mesothelial cells, thereby facilitating cancer invasion.