Diversity, Biogeography, and Biodegradation Potential of Actinobacteria in the Deep-Sea Sediments along the Southwest Indian Ridge
Diversity, Biogeography, and Biodegradation Potential of Actinobacteria in the Deep-Sea Sediments along the Southwest Indian Ridge
复制标题
西南印度洋中脊深海沉积物中放线菌的多样性、生物地理学和生物降解潜力
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2016.01340
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发表时间：
2016-08-29
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Huang, Ying
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chen, Ping;Zhang, Limin;Huang, Ying
放线菌门在深海沉积物中普遍存在，但对放线菌的多样性、分布和功能的认识还很有限。在这项研究中，放线菌的多样性在深海沿着西南印度洋脊（SWIR）进行了调查，使用16 S rRNA基因焦磷酸测序和培养为基础的方法。样品是在水面以下1662-4000米深处采集的。放线菌序列占每个样品中所有微生物16 S rRNA基因扩增子序列的1.2-9.1%。焦磷酸测序共检测到放线菌5纲17目28科52属，以酸性微生物纲和放线菌纲为主。放线菌群落组成的样品之间的差异。群落结构与地球化学因子（特别是pH、钙、总有机碳、总磷和总氮）呈显着相关性，而与调查规模的空间距离关系不大。此外，还分离出放线菌纲的176株菌株，分属于9个已知目、18个科和29个属。在这些栽培类群，8目，13科，15属也恢复了焦磷酸测序。在97%的16 S rRNA基因序列相似性下，焦磷酸测序数据涵盖77.3%的分离株，但分离株仅代表放线菌读数的10.3%。所有代表放线菌序列和菌株的系统发育分析表明，至少有四个新的目的门放线菌焦磷酸测序检测。超过一半的菌株跨越23个属和所有样品表现出活性的难降解有机物，包括多环芳烃和多糖，这表明他们潜在的生态功能和生物技术应用的碳循环。
The phylum Actinobacteria has been reported to be common or even abundant in deep marine sediments, however, knowledge about the diversity, distribution, and function of actinobacteria is limited. In this study, actinobacterial diversity in the deep sea along the Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR) was investigated using both 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing and culture-based methods. The samples were collected at depths of 1662–4000 m below water surface. Actinobacterial sequences represented 1.2–9.1% of all microbial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequences in each sample. A total of 5 actinobacterial classes, 17 orders, 28 families, and 52 genera were detected by pyrosequencing, dominated by the classes Acidimicrobiia and Actinobacteria. Differences in actinobacterial community compositions were found among the samples. The community structure showed significant correlations to geochemical factors, notably pH, calcium, total organic carbon, total phosphorus, and total nitrogen, rather than to spatial distance at the scale of the investigation. In addition, 176 strains of the Actinobacteria class, belonging to 9 known orders, 18 families, and 29 genera, were isolated. Among these cultivated taxa, 8 orders, 13 families, and 15 genera were also recovered by pyrosequencing. At a 97% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, the pyrosequencing data encompassed 77.3% of the isolates but the isolates represented only 10.3% of the actinobacterial reads. Phylogenetic analysis of all the representative actinobacterial sequences and isolates indicated that at least four new orders within the phylum Actinobacteria were detected by pyrosequencing. More than half of the isolates spanning 23 genera and all samples demonstrated activity in the degradation of refractory organics, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polysaccharides, suggesting their potential ecological functions and biotechnological applications for carbon recycling.