EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE DURING VARIOUS GROWTH-STAGES ON GRAIN DEVELOPMENT AND YIELD OF PENNISETUM-AMERICANUM
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE DURING VARIOUS GROWTH-STAGES ON GRAIN DEVELOPMENT AND YIELD OF PENNISETUM-AMERICANUM
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DOI：
10.1093/jxb/31.2.621
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发表时间：
1980-01-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
NORMAN, MJT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FUSSELL, LK;PEARSON, CJ;NORMAN, MJT
在恒温温室中，温度对珍珠粟（P. americanum）营养生长、茎伸长和籽粒发育3个阶段的植株形态、籽粒发育和产量均有显著影响。高温（至33/28度）。（C昼/夜）通过减少基部分蘖、每花序粒数和单粒重而降低了籽粒产量。低温（21/16度）。C)在营养阶段增加了基部分蘖，从而增加了单株的总产量。而茎伸长期的低温降低了小穗育性和花序长度，从而降低了主茎粒的潜在产量。籽粒发育过程中的低温延长了籽粒灌浆期，提高了籽粒产量。籽粒灌浆速率在21/16度范围内无显著变化。33/28.degree。C.开花前热环境对植株形态和籽粒产量有显著影响，但对籽粒发育无显著影响。在所有温度下，储存在茎中的乙醇可溶性碳水化合物在籽粒发育早期被耗尽。
In controlled temperature glasshouses plant morphology, grain development and yield of pearl millet (P. americanum) were markedly affected by temperature during 3 stages of plant growth: vegetative, stem elongation and grain development. High temperature (to 33/28.degree. C day/night) during all 3 growth stages lowered grain yields by reducing basal tillering, numbers of grains per inflorescence and single grain weight. Low temperature (21/16.degree. C) during the vegetative stage increased basal tillering and, as a result, total grain yield per plant. However, low temperature during the stem elongation stage reduced spikelet fertility and inflorescence length, and thereby reduced the potential main shoot grain yield. Low temperature during grain development increased the grain filling period and grain yield. The rate of grain filling did not vary over the range of 21/16.degree. to 33/28.degree. C. Although plant morphology and grain yield were markedly affected by preanthesis thermal environment, grain development was not. At all temperatures ethanol-soluble carbohydrates stored in the stem were depleted during early grain development.