A soil moisture monitoring network to characterize karstic recharge and evapotranspiration at five representative sites across the globe
A soil moisture monitoring network to characterize karstic recharge and evapotranspiration at five representative sites across the globe
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DOI：
10.5194/gi-9-11-2020
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发表时间：
2019-08
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通讯作者：
Romane Berthelin;M. Rinderer;B. Andreo;A. Baker;D. Kilian;G. Leonhardt;A. Lotz;Kurt Lichtenwoehrer;M. Mudarra;I. Padilla;Fernando Pantoja Agreda;R. Rosolem;A. Vale;A. Hartmann
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作者：
Romane Berthelin;M. Rinderer;B. Andreo;A. Baker;D. Kilian;G. Leonhardt;A. Lotz;Kurt Lichtenwoehrer;M. Mudarra;I. Padilla;Fernando Pantoja Agreda;R. Rosolem;A. Vale;A. Hartmann
抽象的。岩溶系统的特点是地下高度的非均匀性，其复杂的补给过程是很难描述的。研究岩溶系统的实验方法主要集中在分析整个含水层。尽管它们在补给过程中的重要作用，土壤和表层岩溶得到有限的关注，和几个可用的研究进行了类似纬度的网站。在本文中，我们描述了一个新的监测网络，允许提高土壤和表层岩溶过程的理解，包括不同的岩溶系统，不同的土地覆盖类型在不同的气候区域。在这里，我们提出了初步的数据形式的网络，并阐述了他们的潜力，以回答研究问题的作用，土壤和表层岩溶对岩溶水的流动和储存。该网络在多个点和深度测量土壤水分，以了解降雨入渗、蒸散和地下水补给过程的划分。我们在五个不同的气候区域安装了土壤水分探头：波多黎各（热带），西班牙（地中海），英国（潮湿的海洋），德国（潮湿的山区），和澳大利亚（干燥的半干旱）。在五个站点中的每一个，我们定义了两个20 m×20 m的地块，具有不同的土地利用类型（森林和草地）。在每个小区，随机选择15个土壤水分剖面，并在不同的深度从表土到表层岩溶（共400多个土壤水分探头）安装探头。通过大量的配置文件，我们的监测网络将覆盖流量过程的时空变化，使研究人员能够开发一个新的概念，了解不同气候区域和土地利用类型的岩溶地区的蒸散和地下水补给过程，这将为定量评估提供基础，在未来的物理建模方法。
Abstract. Karst systems are characterized by a high subsurface heterogeneity, and their complex recharge processes are difficult to characterize. Experimental methods to study karst systems mostly focus on analysing the entire aquifer. Despite their important role in recharge processes, the soil and epikarst receive limited attention, and the few available studies were performed at sites of similar latitudes. In this paper, we describe a new monitoring network that allows for the improvement of the understanding of soil and epikarst processes by including different karst systems with different land-cover types in different climate regions. Here, we present preliminary data form the network and elaborate on their potential to answer research questions about the role of soil and epikarst on karstic water flow and storage. The network measures soil moisture at multiple points and depths to understand the partitioning of rainfall into infiltration, evapotranspiration, and groundwater recharge processes. We installed soil moisture probes at five different climate regions: Puerto Rico (tropical), Spain (Mediterranean), the United Kingdom (humid oceanic), Germany (humid mountainous), and Australia (dry semi-arid). At each of the five sites, we defined two 20 m×20 m plots with different land-use types (forest and grassland). At each plot, 15 soil moisture profiles were randomly selected and probes at different depths from the topsoil to the epikarst (in total over 400 soil moisture probes) were installed. Covering the spatio-temporal variability of flow processes through a large number of profiles, our monitoring network will allow researchers to develop a new conceptual understanding of evapotranspiration and groundwater recharge processes in karst regions across different climate regions and land-use types, and this will provide the base for quantitative assessment with physically based modelling approaches in the future.