Special Session: The Recent Advance in Hardware Implementation of Post-Quantum Cryptography
Special Session: The Recent Advance in Hardware Implementation of Post-Quantum Cryptography
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DOI：
10.1109/vts48691.2020.9107585
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发表时间：
2020-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Jiafeng Xie;K. Basu;K. Gaj;Ujjwal Guin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jiafeng Xie;K. Basu;K. Gaj;Ujjwal Guin
最近量子技术的进步引发了新一轮的密码体制创新，即后量子密码学(PQC)的出现。这种新的加密方案的目的是在数学上抵抗任何使用量子计算机的已知攻击，但同时也可以完全使用传统的半导体技术来实现。美国国家标准与技术研究院(NIST)已经启动了PQC标准化进程，最初的69份意见书已减少到26份第二轮候选人。与PQC“革命”的步伐相呼应，本文详细而深入地介绍了PQC方案硬件实现的最新进展，包括挑战、新的实现方法和新颖的硬件体系结构。具体地说，我们描述了在硬件中实现PQC的挑战和回报；(Ii)提出了使用高级综合(HLS)来探索PQC实现的设计空间的新方法；(Iii)介绍了一种新的未被探索的PQC方案(带错误的二进制环学习)及其针对可能的轻量级应用的新的硬件实现。本文提供的总体内容可用于多种目的：(I)为潜在的学习者和感兴趣的公众提供有用的参考；(Ii)向VTS社区介绍潜在研究的新领域和方向；(Iii)促进PQC标准化进程，并探索在现有和新兴应用中实施密码学的相关新方法。
The recent advancement in quantum technology has initiated a new round of cryptosystem innovation, i.e., the emergence of Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC). This new class of cryptographic schemes is intended to be mathematically resistant against any known attacks using quantum computers, but, at the same time, be fully implementable using traditional semiconductor technology. The National Institutes of Standards and Technology (NIST) has already started the PQC standardization process, and the initial pool of 69 submissions has been reduced to 26 Round 2 candidates. Echoing the pace of the PQC "revolution," this paper gives a detailed and thorough introduction to recent advances in the hardware implementation of PQC schemes, including challenges, new implementation methods, and novel hardware architectures. Specifically, we have: (i) described the challenges and rewards of implementing PQC in hardware; (ii) presented the novel methodology for the design-space exploration of PQC implementations using high-level synthesis (HLS); (iii) introduced a new underexplored PQC scheme (binary Ring-Learning-with-Errors), as well as its novel hardware implementation for possible lightweight applications. The overall content delivered by this paper could serve multiple purposes: (i) provide useful references for the potential learners and the interested public; (ii) introduce new areas and directions for potential research to the VTS community; (iii) facilitate the PQC standardization process and the exploration of related new ways of implementing cryptography in existing and emerging applications.