Merchants of the north: Infrastructure and indebtedness along Brazil's Amazon estuary
Merchants of the north: Infrastructure and indebtedness along Brazil's Amazon estuary
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DOI：
10.1002/sea2.12245
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发表时间：
2022-02
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Matthew Abel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Matthew Abel
这篇文章通过对亚马逊河流域的居民进行实地调查，讲述了全球粮食贸易巨头嘉吉公司（Cargill）正在进行的反对建设河流谷物码头的斗争。在过去的二十年里，粮食贸易公司参与了一场公共补贴的竞标战，以扩大亚马逊的出口基础设施，利用世界上最大的河流系统在全球市场上冲洗农产品。所谓的北方弧由私人谷物码头、港口、公路和铁路组成的区域网络组成，连接着更广阔的价值景观中的不同地方。本文将民族志与历史分析相结合，探讨商品链整合的区域项目与亚马逊商品交换长期作用所产生的一系列估值之间的对抗。我认为，北方弧与aviamento的社会学遗产相结合：在19世纪和20世纪，一个构建了盆地商品流通的债务-抵押体系。通过将当地对权力、流通和权威的理解与全球粮食系统中的新结构地位联系起来，北方弧激起了旧的对抗，反映了沿着亚马逊河口的社会冲突历史。
Drawing on fieldwork with riverine householders in the Amazonian municipality of Abaetetuba, this article recounts an ongoing struggle against the construction of a fluvial grain terminal by Cargill, the global grain‐trading giant. Over the past two decades, grain‐trading firms have engaged in a publicly subsidized bidding war to expand export infrastructure in the Amazon, harnessing the world's largest river system to flush agricultural commodities on the global market. The so‐called Northern Arc consists of a regional network of private grain terminals, ports, roads, and railways connecting disparate places within a broader landscape of value. This article overlays ethnography with historical analysis to examine the confrontation between a regional project of commodity chain integration and a set of valuations derived from the long‐standing role of commodity exchange in the Amazon. I suggest that the Northern Arc articulates with the sociological legacy of theaviamento: a system of debt‐peonage that structured the circulation of commodities in the basin during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. By connecting local understandings of power, circulation, and authority to a new structural position within the global food system, the Northern Arc has galvanized old antagonisms and reflects the history of social conflict along the Amazon estuary.