Beyond Western, Educated, Industrial, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) Psychology: Measuring and Mapping Scales of Cultural and Psychological Distance
Beyond Western, Educated, Industrial, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) Psychology: Measuring and Mapping Scales of Cultural and Psychological Distance
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DOI：
10.1177/0956797620916782
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发表时间：
2020-05-21
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Thue, Braden
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Muthukrishna, Michael;Bell, Adrian V.;Thue, Braden
在这篇文章中，我们提出了一种工具和方法来测量社会之间的心理和文化距离，并创建一个距离尺度与任何人口作为比较点。由于心理学数据主要来自西方、受过教育、工业化、富裕和民主（WEIRD）的国家，而且绝大多数是美国，因此我们关注的是与美国的距离。我们也呈现了与中国这个人口最多、经济第二大的国家的距离，这是一种常见的文化比较。我们将固定指数（fixation index，F-ST）这一进化论中有意义的统计数据应用于文化信仰和行为的世界价值观调查。随着文献中极端怪异的东西开始消失，我们的工具将变得更加有用，可以用来设计、规划和证明各种比较心理学项目。我们的代码和随附的在线应用程序允许在任何两个国家之间进行比较。对地区多样性的分析揭示了美国的相对同质性。文化距离可以预测各种心理后果。
In this article, we present a tool and a method for measuring the psychological and cultural distance between societies and creating a distance scale with any population as the point of comparison. Because psychological data are dominated by samples drawn from Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) nations, and overwhelmingly, the United States, we focused on distance from the United States. We also present distance from China, the country with the largest population and second largest economy, which is a common cultural comparison. We applied the fixation index (F-ST), a meaningful statistic in evolutionary theory, to the World Values Survey of cultural beliefs and behaviors. As the extreme WEIRDness of the literature begins to dissolve, our tool will become more useful for designing, planning, and justifying a wide range of comparative psychological projects. Our code and accompanying online application allow for comparisons between any two countries. Analyses of regional diversity reveal the relative homogeneity of the United States. Cultural distance predicts various psychological outcomes.