Neural Correlates of Metamemory: A Comparison of Feeling-of-Knowing and Retrospective Confidence Judgments
Neural Correlates of Metamemory: A Comparison of Feeling-of-Knowing and Retrospective Confidence Judgments
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DOI：
10.1162/jocn.2009.21123
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发表时间：
2009-09-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Sperling, Reisa A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chua, Elizabeth F.;Schacter, Daniel L.;Sperling, Reisa A.
元记忆是指对自己记忆的了解和监控。元记忆监测可以针对随后的记忆检索进行前瞻性监测，也可以针对先前的记忆检索进行回顾性监测。在这项研究中，我们使用功能磁共振成像来比较前瞻性认知和回顾性信心任务期间的神经活动，以检查支持多种形式的元记忆监测的常见和独特机制。与非元记忆任务相比，这两种元记忆任务都与内侧前额叶、内侧顶叶和外侧顶叶区域的更大活动相关，这些区域以前被认为与内部定向认知有关。此外，与非元记忆任务相比，元记忆任务与枕叶区域、外侧下额叶和背内侧前额叶区域的活动较少相关，这些区域先前分别显示出参与视觉处理和刺激导向的注意力。因此，与元记忆相关的神经活动的特点是转向内部导向认知和远离外部导向认知。几个区域表现出认知感和信心任务之间神经活动的差异，包括梭状、内侧颞叶和内侧顶叶区域；此外，这些区域还显示出任务与主观元记忆评分之间的相互作用，这表明它们对每个特定任务中监测的信息很敏感。这些发现证明了支持元记忆过程的常见和独特的神经机制，也有助于阐明先前表征的大脑网络的功能作用。
Metamemory refers to knowledge and monitoring of one's own memory. Metamemory monitoring can be done prospectively with respect to subsequent memory retrieval or retrospectively with respect to previous memory retrieval. In this study, we used fMRI to compare neural activity during prospective feeling-of-knowing and retrospective confidence tasks in order to examine common and distinct mechanisms supporting multiple forms of metamemory monitoring. Both metamemory tasks, compared to non-metamemory tasks, were associated with greater activity in medial prefrontal, medial parietal, and lateral parietal regions, which have previously been implicated in internally directed cognition. Furthermore, compared to non-metamemory tasks, metamemory tasks were associated with less activity in occipital regions, and in lateral inferior frontal and dorsal medial prefrontal regions, which have previously shown involvement in visual processing and stimulus-oriented attention, respectively. Thus, neural activity related to metamemory is characterized by both a shift toward internally directed cognition and away from externally directed cognition. Several regions demonstrated differences in neural activity between feeling-of-knowing and confidence tasks, including fusiform, medial temporal lobe, and medial parietal regions; furthermore, these regions also showed interaction effects between task and the subjective metamemory rating, suggesting that they are sensitive to the information monitored in each particular task. These findings demonstrate both common and distinct neural mechanisms supporting metamemory processes and also serve to elucidate the functional roles of previously characterized brain networks.