Long-term time-series study of salp population dynamics in the Sargasso Sea
Long-term time-series study of salp population dynamics in the Sargasso Sea
复制标题
马尾藻海樽海鞘种群动态的长期时间序列研究
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Steinberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Stone;D. Steinberg
海鞘是水华形成的远洋被囊类动物，对浮游植物有很高的摄食率，有可能通过快速下沉的粪便颗粒大大增加垂直颗粒通量。然而，频率和原因的salp开花并不为人所知。我们量化了从白天和晚上的浮游动物网拖在北大西洋亚热带环流的上层区的一部分，百慕大大西洋时间序列研究（BATS）的海鞘。从1994年4月到2011年11月，每两周到每月一次对Salp物种和大小进行量化。在这段时间内，在BATS站点发生了21种海鞘，最常见的开花形成海鞘是Thalia democratica，Salpa fusiformis，Weelia（Salpa）cylindrica，Cyclosalpa polae和Iasis zonaria。有5种海鞘具有昼夜垂直迁移的特点，其丰度具有季节性变化，其中T. democratica、S. fusiformis和C.春季浮游植物水华与极地水华的发生时间相一致，而W.在夏末更经常发生的圆筒状开花。对于T. democratica，平均年生物量略有增加的时间序列，每3年升高，生物量增加的气旋中尺度涡的存在。十年气候振荡和海洋地球化学条件影响了多年的趋势，在salp丰度和生物量。总salp和T. democratica丰度与初级生产力呈正相关，salp总生物量与北太平洋环流振荡呈正相关，T. democratica生物量与太平洋年代际振荡呈负相关。这些海藻水华动力学具有重要的意义，营养食物网的相互作用和生态地球化学循环。
Salps are bloom-forming, pelagic tunicates with high grazing rates on phytoplankton, with the potential to greatly increase vertical particle flux through rapidly sinking fecal pellets. However, the frequency and causes of salp blooms are not well known. We quantified salps from day and night zooplankton net tows in the epipelagic zone of the North Atlantic subtropical gyre as part of the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS). Salp species and size were quantified in biweekly to monthly tows from April 1994 to November 2011. Twenty-one species of salps occurred at the BATS site over this time period, and the most common bloom-forming salps were Thalia democratica, Salpa fusiformis, Weelia (Salpa) cylindrica, Cyclosalpa polae, and Iasis zonaria. Five species of salps exhibited diel vertical migration, and salp abundances varied seasonally, with T. democratica, S. fusiformis, and C. polae blooms coincident with the spring phytoplankton bloom, and W. cylindrica blooms occurring more often in late summer. For T. democratica, mean annual biomass increased slightly over the time series and was elevated every 3 yr, and biomass increased in the presence of cyclonic mesoscale eddies. Decadal climate oscillations and biogeochemical conditions influenced multi-year trends in salp abundance and biomass. Both total salp and T. democratica abundance were positively correlated with primary production, total salp biomass was positively correlated with the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation, and T. democratica biomass was negatively correlated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. These salp bloom dynamics have important implications for planktonic food web interactions and biogeochemical cycling.