The two poles of the lymphocyte:: Specialized cell compartments for migration and recruitment
The two poles of the lymphocyte:: Specialized cell compartments for migration and recruitment
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DOI：
10.3109/15419069809004468
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sánchez-Madrid, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
del Pozo, MA;Nieto, M;Sánchez-Madrid, F
趋化性，白细胞向趋化梯度的定向迁移，是免疫反应中的一个关键现象。在淋巴细胞-内皮细胞和细胞外基质相互作用过程中，趋化因子诱导T淋巴细胞极化，产生专门的细胞区室。参与检测趋化因子梯度的趋化因子受体集中在细胞的前缘（向前前沿或前极）。粘附分子ICAM-1、-3、CD44和CD43重新分布到尾足，尾足是迁移T淋巴细胞后极的附属物，从与内皮细胞或细胞外基质底物接触的区域突出。趋化因子受体感知迁移方向，而尾足动物则通过LFA-1/ icam依赖性细胞间相互作用参与募集旁观白细胞。当-肌动蛋白优先集中在细胞的边缘时，运动蛋白myosin II和微管组织中心（MTOC）被包裹在尾足中。肌动蛋白结合蛋白moesin，属于ERM家族的ezrin， radixin和moesin，重新分布到尾足的远端部分，并与ICAM-3， CD44和CD43物理相互作用，从而作为膜分子和肌动蛋白细胞骨架之间的物理联系。此外，moesin-ICAM-3的关联与细胞极性的程度相关。在免疫和炎症反应中，趋化因子受体和粘附分子在趋化因子梯度下向细胞的相反极重新分布，可能指导淋巴样细胞运输过程中的细胞迁移和细胞间相互作用。
Chemotaxis, the directed migration of leukocytes towards a chemoattractant gradient, is a key phenomenon in the immune response. During lymphocyte-endothelial and extracellular matrix interactions, chemokines induce the polarization of T lymphocytes, with generation of specialized cell compartments. The chemokine receptors involved in detection of the chemoattractant gradients concentrate at the leading edge (advancing front or anterior pole) of the cell. The adhesion molecules ICAM-1, -3, CD44 and CD43 redistribute to the uropod, an appendage at the posterior pole of migrating T lymphocyte that protrudes from the contact area with endothelial or extracellular matrix substrates. Whereas chemokine receptors sense the direction of migration, the uropod is involved in the recruitment of bystander leukocytes through LFA-1/ICAM-dependent cell-cell interactions. While beta-actin concentrates preferentially at the cell's leading edge, the motor protein myosin II and a microtubule organizing center (MTOC) are packed in the uropod, The actin-binding protein moesin, which belongs to the ERM family of ezrin, radixin and moesin, redistributes to the distal portion of uropods and physically interacts with ICAM-3, CD44 and CD43, thus acting as a physical link between the membrane molecules and the actin cytoskeleton. Moreover, the moesin-ICAM-3 association correlates with the degree of cell polarity. The redistribution of the chemokine receptors and adhesion molecules to opposite poles of the cell in response to a chemoattractant gradient may guide cell migration and cell-cell interactions during lymphoid cell trafficking in immune and inflammatory responses.