Autism and the development of face processing
Autism and the development of face processing
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cnr.2006.08.001
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发表时间：
2006-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Reiss, Allan L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Golarai, Golijeh;Grill-Spector, Kalanit;Reiss, Allan L.
自闭症是一种普遍的发展状况，其特征是非语言交流，社会关系和刻板行为模式的障碍。大量证据表明，自闭症患者的面部处理有几个方面受损，包括凝视处理、面部身份记忆和面部表情识别的异常。在寻找自闭症异常面孔加工的神经标记物时，人们的兴趣集中在与社会认知和面孔加工有关的大脑区域网络上。在这篇综述中，我们将集中在三个这样的区域，即STS的作用，在处理凝视和面部运动，FFA在面部检测和识别和杏仁核在处理面部表情的情绪。许多证据表明，更好地了解这些专门区域的正常发育对于发现自闭症面部处理异常的神经基础至关重要。因此，我们也将检查现有的文献正常发展的面孔处理。这个研究领域的关键未知因素是神经发育过程，经验的作用以及面部处理系统组成部分之间的相互作用，这些组成部分在正常发育和自闭症过程中塑造了处理面部的每个专门区域。
Autism is a pervasive developmental condition, characterized by impairments in non-verbal communication, social relationships and stereotypical patterns of behavior. A large body of evidence suggests that several aspects of face processing are impaired in autism, including anomalies in gaze processing, memory for facial identity and recognition of facial expressions of emotion. In search of neural markers of anomalous face processing in autism, much interest has focused on a network of brain regions that are implicated in social cognition and face processing. In this review, we will focus on three such regions, namely the STS for its role in processing gaze and facial movements, the FFA in face detection and identification and the amygdala in processing facial expressions of emotion. Much evidence suggests that a better understanding of the normal development of these specialized regions is essential for discovering the neural bases of face processing anomalies in autism. Thus, we will also examine the available literature on the normal development of face processing. Key unknowns in this research area are the neuro-developmental processes, the role of experience and the interactions among components of the face processing system in shaping each of the specialized regions for processing faces during normal development and in autism.