Health research in humanitarian crises: an urgent global imperative
Health research in humanitarian crises: an urgent global imperative
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001870
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
8.1
通讯作者：
Nuwayhid, Iman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kohrt, Brandon A.;Mistry, Amit S.;Nuwayhid, Iman
在全球范围内，人道主义危机，如武装冲突、被迫流离失所、自然灾害和重大疾病爆发，今天影响到的人比历史上任何时候都多。这些危机对数亿人的健康产生了巨大的急性和长期影响，主要是在低收入和中等收入国家（LMIC），但人道主义组织如何应对这些危机的证据基础薄弱。人道主义危机往往被视为全球卫生的一个例外。然而，它们是一个日益普遍和广泛的健康驱动因素，应该纳入全面的方法和战略，特别是如果我们希望实现雄心勃勃的全球健康目标，如可持续发展目标。学术研究界可以在解决人道主义卫生方面的证据缺口方面发挥重要作用。有些重要的科学问题与公共卫生高度相关，只能通过在人道主义背景下进行研究来解决。虽然在这些环境中工作具有独特的挑战性，但可以采用有效的战略，例如使用灵活和适应性强的研究方法，与非政府组织和其他人道主义行为者合作，并更加关注研究伦理问题，社区参与，当地的LMIC合作伙伴，建立人道主义研究能力和跨学科合作。
Globally, humanitarian crises-such as armed conflict, forced displacement, natural disasters and major disease outbreaks-affect more people today than at any point in recorded history. These crises have immense acute and long-term health impacts on hundreds of millions of people, predominantly in low and middle-income countries (LMIC), yet the evidence base that informs how humanitarian organisations respond to them is weak. Humanitarian crises are often treated as an outlier in global health. However, they are an increasingly common and widespread driver of health that should be integrated into comprehensive approaches and strategies, especially if we hope to achieve ambitious global health targets such as the Sustainable Development Goals. The academic research community can play an important role in addressing the evidence gap in humanitarian health. There are important scientific questions of high public health relevance that can only be addressed by conducting research in humanitarian settings. While working in these settings is uniquely challenging, there are effective strategies that can be employed, such as using flexible and adaptive research methodologies, partnering with non-governmental organisations and other humanitarian actors, and devoting greater attention to issues of research ethics, community engagement, local LMIC-based partners, building humanitarian research capacity and collaborating across disciplines.