Consideration of psychosocial factors in workplace risk assessments: findings from a company survey in Germany
Consideration of psychosocial factors in workplace risk assessments: findings from a company survey in Germany
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DOI：
10.1007/s00420-019-01416-5
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Lenhardt, Uwe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Beck, David;Lenhardt, Uwe
工作相关的心理社会风险是职业安全与健康（奥什）政策中日益重要的问题。在德国，与许多其他欧洲国家一样，法律要求雇主进行工作场所风险评估，并在进行评估时考虑到心理社会因素。本研究的目的是扩大仍然稀缺和粗略的经验证据，在何种程度上，雇主遵守这些义务，以及对可能的决定因素的合规behavior.MethodsSurvey数据从6500德国公司被用来计算工作场所的风险评估，包括心理社会因素的患病率。此外，进行多项Logistic回归，以探讨哪些公司的特点影响的机会，社会心理风险评估occurrence.ResultsThe患病率的社会心理风险评估为21%。仅次于公司规模（OR=5.7，95% CI 3.0-11.0），安全专家协助的可用性（OR=3.5，95% CI 2.6-4.6），职业健康专家援助的可用性（OR=3.4; 95% CI 2.6-4.4）和奥什机构检查（OR=3.4，95% CI 2.4-4.7）是心理社会风险评估发生的最强预测因素。较小（但仍然显着）的影响大小被发现的知识水平有关法律的奥什要求，培训的管理人员在奥什，经济状况的公司，存在的一个工作理事会，积极的看法对利益的奥什，隶属于生产部门和规模的心理社会风险在company.ConclusionsThe研究结果表明大的缺陷，在实施心理社会风险评估，特别是对于小公司来说。调查结果表明，提高企业对专业奥什专家的利用率，加强奥什检查机构在心理社会风险领域的咨询和控制能力，将有利于改善目前的状况。
PurposeWork-related psychosocial risks are an increasingly important issue in occupational safety and health (OSH) policy. In Germany, as in many other European countries, employers are legally required to carry out workplace risk assessments (WRAs) and to account for psychosocial factors when doing this. The aim of this study was to expand the still scarce and sketchy empirical evidence on the extent to which employers comply with these obligations, as well as on possible determinants of compliance behaviour.MethodsSurvey data from 6500 German companies were used to calculate the prevalence of workplace risk assessments that include psychosocial factors. Furthermore, multinomial logistic regressions were performed to explore which company characteristics influence the chance of psychosocial risk assessment occurrence.ResultsThe prevalence of psychosocial risk assessments was 21%. Next to company size (OR=5.7, 95% CI 3.0-11.0), availability of safety specialist assistance (OR=3.5, 95% CI 2.6-4.6), availability of occupational health specialist assistance (OR=3.4; 95% CI 2.6-4.4) and inspection by OSH authority (OR=3.4, 95% CI 2.4-4.7) were the strongest predictors of psychosocial risk assessment occurrence. Smaller (but still significant) effect sizes were found for the level of knowledge about legal OSH requirements, training of managers in OSH, economic situation of the company, presence of a works council, positive view on the benefit of OSH, affiliation with the production sector and magnitude of psychosocial risks within the company.ConclusionsThe study results indicate large deficiencies in the implementation of psychosocial risk assessments, especially for small companies. Findings suggest that enhancing companies' utilisation of professional OSH experts and strengthening the advisory and control capacities of the OSH inspection authorities in the area of psychosocial risks would be beneficial for improving the current situation.