Adaptive evolution of animal toxin multigene families
Adaptive evolution of animal toxin multigene families
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DOI：
10.1016/s0378-1119(00)00490-x
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发表时间：
2000-12-30
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Gubenek, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kordis, D;Gubenek, F
动物毒素包括具有多种生物化学和药理学功能的多种蛋白质。许多动物毒素是由多基因家族编码的。从几个毒素多基因家族在基因水平上的研究的图片是新兴的，大多数已经功能多样化的基因复制和适应性进化。大多数毒素多基因家族的药理学活性的数量来自于它们的适应性进化。动物毒素的分子进化已经在一些多基因家族中进行了分析，在种内和种间水平。在大多数毒素多基因家族中，非同义替换为同义替换的比率（dN/dS）高于1。因此，自然选择的作用是使编码序列多样化，从而使毒素功能多样化。动物毒素快速适应性进化的选择压力是在经典的捕食者和猎物相互作用中快速固定猎物的需要。目前可用的证据在动物毒素多基因家族的适应性进化将被认为是在这次审查中。(C)2000 Elsevier Science B. V.保留所有权利。
Animal toxins comprise a diverse array of proteins that have a variety of biochemical and pharmacological functions. A large number of animal toxins are encoded by multigene families. From studies of several toxin multigene families at the gene level the picture is emerging that most have been functionally diversified by gene duplication and adaptive evolution. The number of pharmacological activities in most toxin multigene families results from their adaptive evolution. The molecular evolution of animal toxins has been analysed in some multigene families, at both the intraspecies and interspecies levels. In most toxin multigene families, the rate of non-synonymous to synonymous substitutions (dN/dS) is higher than one. Thus natural selection has acted to diversify coding sequences and consequently the toxin functions. The selection pressure for the rapid adaptive evolution of animal toxins is the need for quick immobilization of the prey in classical predator and prey interactions. Currently available evidence for adaptive evolution in animal toxin multigene families will be considered in this review. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.