Lysozyme in calcifying tissues.
Lysozyme in calcifying tissues.
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钙化组织中的溶菌酶。
DOI：
10.1097/00003086-197510000-00035
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发表时间：
1975
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
N. Sorgente
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Kuettner;R. Eisenstein;N. Sorgente
存在于几种结缔组织中的溶菌酶由软骨细胞在软骨中合成，并立即分泌到细胞外基质中，在那里它结合在领土（腔隙）基质中并沿着胶原纤维。在骨骺生长板中，软骨-骨连接处的溶菌酶水平增加，但软骨溶菌酶似乎被抑制剂结合或灭活。甲状旁腺提取物注射降低骨溶菌酶水平。佝偻病患者的软骨溶菌酶水平较低，而维生素D可增加软骨和主动脉中的溶菌酶水平，这表明溶菌酶与钙化过程之间存在关联。虽然它是阳离子的，并在体外与软骨蛋白聚糖和硫酸软骨素形成盐样复合物，但溶菌酶似乎不与天然组织中的蛋白聚糖结合。软骨中的蛋白聚糖以单体和聚集形式存在。聚合通过单体与透明质酸和特异性连接蛋白的相互作用而发生。聚集的蛋白多糖在体外抑制矿物质沉积。哺乳动物软骨溶菌酶而不是鸡蛋白色溶菌酶似乎抑制了聚集的蛋白聚糖的这种抑制能力，这可能是由于与透明质酸的相互作用导致解聚。因此，我们推测软骨溶菌酶在软骨钙化的调节和启动中起着重要作用。
Lysozyme, present in several connective tissues, is synthesized in cartilage by chondrocytes and immediately secreted into the extracellular matrix, where it is bound in the territorial (lacunar) matrix and along collagen fibers. In the epiphyseal growth plate, lysozyme levels increase toward the cartilage-bone junction, but cartilage lysozyme seems to be bound or inactivated by an inhibitor. Parathyroid extract injections decrease bone lysozyme levels. Cartilage lysozyme levels are low in rickets, while vitamin D increases it in both cartilage and aorta, suggesting an association between lysozyme and the calcification process. Although it is cationic and forms salt-like complexes with cartilage proteoglycans and chondroitin sulfate in vitro, lysozyme does not seem to be bound to proteoglycans in the native tissue. Proteoglycans in cartilage exist in a monomeric and aggregated form. Aggregation occurs by an interaction of monomers with hyaluronic acid and spedific link proteins. Aggregated proteoglycans inhibit mineral accretion in vitro. Mammalian cartilage lysozyme but not hen egg white lysozyme seems to inactivate this inhibitory capacity of aggregated proteoglycans, which is probably due to an interaction with hyaluronic acid resulting in a disaggregation. Therefore, we hypothesize that cartilage lysozyme plays an important role in the regulation and initiation of cartilage calcification.