Climate Change Policy: Can New Actors Affect Japan’s Policy-Making in the Paris Agreement Era?

Climate Change Policy: Can New Actors Affect Japan’s Policy-Making in the Paris Agreement Era?
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气候变化政策:巴黎协定时代新参与者能否影响日本的政策制定?

DOI:
10.1093/ssjj/jyaa051
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
1.1
通讯作者:
KAMEYAMA Yasuko
KAMEYAMA Yasuko
中科院分区:
法学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
PANDEY;A.;KASUGA;I.;FURUMAI;H. and KURISU;F.;KAMEYAMA Yasuko

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本文探讨了日本气候变化相关政策的变化,重点关注可能显著改变日本气候变化决策的三个显著事件:1997年12月主办了《联合国气候变化框架公约》第三次缔约方会议,并通过了《京都议定书》,(B)2011年3月发生的福岛第一核电站事故;及(c)2015年12月通过《巴黎协定》,并于2016年11月提前实施。研究表明,日本政府的立场在这些事件中基本保持不变。它呼吁制定不会损害日本经济的减排目标,认为核能是减少二氧化碳排放的成本最低的方法,并避免提及将全球平均气温上升2°C作为长期目标。另一方面,2016年《巴黎协定》生效后,越来越多的日本企业和地方政府开始独立于国家政策,采取自愿减排行动。这些次国家/非国家行为体的变化已经开始改变国家政府层面的决策,这可能是日本转型变化的标志,这些新行为体的声音对日本气候变化政策的影响力比传统的国家行为体更大。
This article examines changes in Japan’s policies related to climate change, focusing on three notable events that could have significantly altered Japan’s decisions on climate change: (a) the hosting of the Third Conference of the Parties (COP3) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the adoption of the Kyoto Protocol in December 1997, (b) the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident in March 2011, and (c) the adoption of the Paris Agreement in December 2015 and its early enforcement in November 2016. The study shows that the Japanese government’s position remained fundamentally the same throughout these events. It called for emission reduction targets that would not harm the Japanese economy, considered nuclear power to be the least costly way to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, and avoided any mention of a 2°C mean global temperature rise as the long-term target. Meanwhile, after the Paris Agreement came into effect in 2016, an increasing number of Japanese private companies and local governments started taking voluntary actions to reduce their respective emissions, independent of national policy. These changes by sub/non-state actors have begun to alter decision-making at the national government level and could be a sign of transformational changes in Japan, wherein these new actors’ voices have a greater influence on Japan’s climate change policy than those of the traditional state-based actors.
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