The Thalamic Reticular Nucleus and Schizophrenia
The Thalamic Reticular Nucleus and Schizophrenia
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DOI：
10.1093/schbul/sbq142
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发表时间：
2011-03-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Tononi, Giulio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ferrarelli, Fabio;Tononi, Giulio
背景资料：丘脑网状核（TRN）是一个壳状的γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）能神经核，它位于丘脑和皮质之间，因为它接受来自皮质和丘脑神经元的兴奋性传入，并向背侧丘脑的所有核团发送抑制性投射。方法：对TRN与精神分裂症的神经生物学有关的证据进行回顾。结果：TRN-丘脑回路参与自下而上和自上而下的加工。TRN投射到背侧丘脑的非特异性核团介导了自上而下的过程，包括注意力调节，这是由TRN的皮质传入发起的。TRN-丘脑回路也参与自下而上的活动，包括感觉门控和睡眠纺锤波向皮层的转移。有趣的是，注意力和感觉门控的缺陷一直存在于精神分裂症患者中，包括初发和慢性患者。此外，高密度脑电图研究显示，精神分裂症患者的睡眠纺锤波明显减少。总结：根据我们目前对TRN的分子和解剖功能特性的了解，我们认为丘脑GABA能核可能参与精神分裂症的神经生物学。
Background: The thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) is a shell-shaped gamma amino butyric acid (GABA)ergic nucleus, which is uniquely placed between the thalamus and the cortex, because it receives excitatory afferents from both cortical and thalamic neurons and sends inhibitory projections to all nuclei of the dorsal thalamus. Method: A review of the evidence suggesting that the TRN is implicated in the neurobiology of schizophrenia. Results: TRN-thalamus circuits are implicated in bottom-up as well as top-down processing. TRN projections to nonspecific nuclei of the dorsal thalamus mediate top-down processes, including attentional modulation, which are initiated by cortical afferents to the TRN. TRN-thalamus circuits are also involved in bottom-up activities, including sensory gating and the transfer to the cortex of sleep spindles. Intriguingly, deficits in attention and sensory gating have been consistently found in schizophrenics, including first-break and chronic patients. Furthermore, high-density electroencephalographic studies have revealed a marked reduction in sleep spindles in schizophrenics. Conclusion: On the basis of our current knowledge on the molecular and anatomo-functional properties of the TRN, we suggest that this thalamic GABAergic nucleus may be involved in the neurobiology of schizophrenia.