Influence of groundwater on distribution of dwarf wedgemussels ( Alasmidonta heterodon ) in the upper reaches of the Delaware River, northeastern USA
Influence of groundwater on distribution of dwarf wedgemussels ( Alasmidonta heterodon ) in the upper reaches of the Delaware River, northeastern USA
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地下水对美国东北部特拉华河上游侏蚌（Alasmidontaheteronta）分布的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Lane
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Rosenberry;M. Briggs;Emily B. Voytek;J. Lane
抽象。剩余的人口濒危矮wedgemussel（DWM）（Alasmidonta heterodon）在上特拉华州河，美国东北部，假设位于比正常的地下水排放到河流的地区。我们结合物理（渗透计，监测威尔斯和压力计），热（光纤分布式温度传感，红外线，垂直床温分布），和地球物理（电磁感应）的方法在几个空间尺度的特点已知DWM栖息地，并探讨这一假设。在所有三个已知的DWM人口稠密的地区，使用可见光和红外成像沿着河岸观察到许多泉水，但在邻近地区没有DWM。垂直和横向地下水梯度朝向河流沿着所有三个DWM人口的河段，与中值向上梯度3至9倍，比相邻河段。点规模的渗透计测量表明，向上渗透的河床更快，更一致地向上在DWM人口稠密的地区。离散和区域分布的河床温度测量表明，许多寒冷地区的地下水排放在温暖的夏季，所有的地区内居住的DWM。电磁感应测量，这可能表明河床地质，显示图案，但体积河床电磁电导率和DWM的区域分布之间的相关性很小。尽管引入的潜流交换的复杂性，多线的研究提供了强有力的证据，DWM位于或直接下游的大量集中的地下水排放到河流的地区。大规模的热侦察方法（例如，红外线）可能有助于定位和保护其他目前未知的贻贝种群。
Abstract. The remaining populations of the endangered dwarf wedgemussel (DWM) (Alasmidonta heterodon) in the upper Delaware River, northeastern USA, were hypothesized to be located in areas of greater-than-normal groundwater discharge to the river. We combined physical (seepage meters, monitoring wells and piezometers), thermal (fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing, infrared, vertical bed-temperature profiling), and geophysical (electromagnetic-induction) methods at several spatial scales to characterize known DWM habitat and explore this hypothesis. Numerous springs were observed using visible and infrared imaging along the river banks at all three known DWM-populated areas, but not in adjacent areas where DWM were absent. Vertical and lateral groundwater gradients were toward the river along all three DWM-populated reaches, with median upward gradients 3 to 9 times larger than in adjacent reaches. Point-scale seepage-meter measurements indicated that upward seepage across the riverbed was faster and more consistently upward at DWM-populated areas. Discrete and areally distributed riverbed-temperature measurements indicated numerous cold areas of groundwater discharge during warm summer months; all were within areas populated by DWM. Electromagnetic-induction measurements, which may indicate riverbed geology, showed patterning but little correlation between bulk streambed electromagnetic conductivity and areal distribution of DWM. In spite of complexity introduced by hyporheic exchange, multiple lines of research provide strong evidence that DWM are located within or directly downstream of areas of substantial focused groundwater discharge to the river. Broad scale thermal-reconnaissance methods (e.g., infrared) may be useful in locating and protecting other currently unknown mussel populations.
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
R. González‐Pinzón;A. Ward;C. Hatch;A. Wlostowski;K. Singha;M. Gooseff;R. Haggerty;J. Harvey;O. Cirpka;J. Brock
通讯作者：
R. González‐Pinzón;A. Ward;C. Hatch;A. Wlostowski;K. Singha;M. Gooseff;R. Haggerty;J. Harvey;O. Cirpka;J. Brock