Contraceptive use among US women having abortions in 2000-2001
Contraceptive use among US women having abortions in 2000-2001
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DOI：
10.2307/3097748
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发表时间：
2002-11-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Henshaw, SK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jones, RK;Darroch, JE;Henshaw, SK
背景：了解不使用避孕药具、不正确或不一致使用避孕药具以及方法失败在多大程度上导致意外怀孕而导致流产，以及不使用和不充分使用避孕药具的原因，可以帮助政策制定者和计划生育提供者支持有效的避孕药具使用。 方法：对 2000-2001 年接受堕胎服务的 10,683 名全国代表性妇女的避孕药具使用模式进行了检查，并分析了使用避孕药具的原因。不使用避孕药、最常用方法的问题以及紧急避孕药对流产率的影响。 结果：46% 的女性在怀孕当月没有使用避孕方法，主要是因为认为怀孕风险较低以及对避孕的担忧（分别有 3346 名和 3246 名未使用紧急避孕药的女性表示）。男用避孕套是所有女性中最常报告的方法 (2846)，其次是避孕药 (14%)。使用方法不一致是 49% 的安全套使用者和 7646 名避孕药使用者怀孕的主要原因； 4246 名安全套使用者将安全套破损或滑落视为怀孕的原因。很大一部分避孕药和安全套使用者表示使用了完美的方法（13-14%）。 2000 年，通过使用紧急避孕药避免了多达 51,000 例堕胎。结论：女性和男性需要有关生育周期以及未使用或使用不当避孕药时怀孕风险的准确信息。增加紧急避孕药的使用可以进一步减少意外怀孕和流产的发生率。
CONTEXT: Knowing the extent to which contraceptive nonuse, incorrect or inconsistent use, and method failure account for unintended pregnancies ending in abortion, as well as reasons for nonuse and imperfect use, can help policymakers and family planning providers support effective contraceptive use.METHODS: Contraceptive use patterns among a nationally representative sample of 10,683 women receiving abortion services in 2000-2001 were examined, as well as reasons for nonuse, problems with the most frequently used methods and the impact emergency contraceptive pills have had on abortion rates.RESULTS: Forty-six percent of women had not used a contraceptive method in the month they conceived, mainly because of perceived low risk of pregnancy and concerns about contraception (cited by 3346 and 3246 of nonusers, respectively). The male condom was the most commonly reported method among all women (2846), followed by the pill (14%). Inconsistent method use was the main cause of pregnancy for 49% of condom users and 7646 of pill users; 4246 of condom users cited condom breakage or slippage as a reason for pregnancy. Substantial proportions of pill and condom users indicated perfect method use (13-14%). As many as 51,000 abortions were averted by use of emergency contraceptive pills in 2000.CONCLUSIONS: Women and men need accurate information about fertility cycles and about the risk of pregnancy when a contraceptive is not used or is used imperfectly. Increased use of emergency contraceptive pills could further reduce levels of unintended pregnancy and abortion.