Tobacco and cannabis co-occurrence: Does route of administration matter?
Tobacco and cannabis co-occurrence: Does route of administration matter?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.08.007
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Lynskey, Michael T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Agrawal, Arpana;Lynskey, Michael T.
背景资料：定性研究表明，一个共同的管理途径，（即通过吸入）用于两种烟草的常见形式（即香烟）和大麻（即关节）可能有助于它们的共同发生的使用。我们使用了43号的数据，093名美国成年人参加了2001-2002年全国酒精及相关疾病流行病学调查（NESARC）研究大麻使用和滥用/依赖是否与吸烟有关，（香烟、雪茄、烟斗）与无烟（鼻烟，嚼烟）形式的烟草使用，即使在控制了社会人口，精神和物质相关的协变量。结果：吸烟与大麻使用和滥用/依赖的风险分别增加3.3-4.5倍有关。在协变量调整后，吸烟（但不是无烟烟草）与大麻使用（多项比值比（莫尔）1.99）和大麻依赖（莫尔1.55）仍然显著相关，这对尼古丁依赖很重要。相比之下，无烟烟草的使用与大麻使用率（莫尔0.96）或滥用/依赖（莫尔1.04）的升高没有显着相关性。结论：给药途径可能在所观察到的烟草和大麻使用之间的关联中发挥重要作用。这可能代表了空气呼吸系统的生理适应和/或围绕吸烟与无烟烟草使用的社会和文化影响的指数。(C)2008爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司保留所有权利。
Background: Qualitative research suggests that a shared route of administration (i.e. via inhalation) for the common forms of both tobacco (i.e. cigarettes) and cannabis (i.e. joints) may contribute to their co-occurring use.Methods: We used data on 43,093 U.S. adults who participated in the 2001-2002 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) to examine whether cannabis use and abuse/dependence were associated with smoked (cigarettes, cigars, pipes) versus smokeless (snuff, chewed tobacco) forms of tobacco use, even after controlling for socio-demographic, psychiatric and substance-related covariates.Results: Tobacco smoking was associated with a 3.3-4.5 times increased risk for cannabis use and abuse/dependence respectively. After covariate adjustment, importantly for nicotine dependence, smoking tobacco (but not smokeless tobacco) was still significantly associated with both cannabis use (multinomial odds-ratio (MOR) 1.99) and cannabis dependence (MOR 1.55). In contrast, use of smokeless tobacco was not significantly correlated with elevated rates of cannabis use (MOR 0.96) or abuse/dependence (MOR 1.04).Conclusions: Route of administration may play an important role in the observed association between tobacco and cannabis use. This may represent a physiological adaptation of the aero-respiratory system and/or index social and cultural influences surrounding the use of smoked versus smokeless forms of tobacco. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.