Evidence accumulation in decision making: Unifying the "take the best" and the "rational" models
Evidence accumulation in decision making: Unifying the "take the best" and the "rational" models
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03196581
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发表时间：
2004-04-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Cummins, TDR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee, MD;Cummins, TDR
提出了一种强迫选择决策的证据积累模型，以统一快速节俭取最佳（TTB）模型和通常与之相对照的替代理性（RAT）模型。其基本思想是将TTB模型视为一个顺序抽样过程，一旦发现任何有利于决策的证据，就立即终止，而理性方法则是一个顺序抽样过程，只有当所有可用信息都被评估时才终止。在一个实验中测试了统一的TTB和RAT模型，在这个实验中，参与者学会了根据反馈对一组真实世界的刺激做出正确的判断，然后被要求在没有反馈的情况下对71713和理性模型做出不同的预测。结果表明，在这两个实验中，有很强的参与者内的一致性，无论是TTB或合理的模型，但大的参与者之间的差异，在该模型被使用。统一的模型被证明是能够捕捉的差异，在决策中的参与者在一个可解释的方式，是首选的最小描述长度模型选择标准。
An evidence accumulation model of forced-choice decision making is proposed to unify the fast and frugal take the best (TTB) model and the alternative rational (RAT) model with which it is usually contrasted. The basic idea is to treat the TTB model as a sequential-sampling process that terminates as soon as any evidence in favor of a decision is found and the rational approach as a sequential-sampling process that terminates only when all available information has been assessed. The unified TTB and RAT models were tested in an experiment in which participants learned to make correct judgments for a set of real-world stimuli on the basis of feedback, and were then asked to make additional judgments without feedback for cases in which the 71713 and the rational models made different predictions. The results show that, in both experiments, there was strong intraparticipant consistency in the use of either the TTB or the rational model but large interparticipant differences in which model was used. The unified model is shown to be able to capture the differences in decision making across participants in an interpretable way and is preferred by the minimum description length model selection criterion.