Replacing fossil based PET with biobased PEF; process analysis, energy and GHG balance
Replacing fossil based PET with biobased PEF; process analysis, energy and GHG balance
复制标题
DOI：
10.1039/c2ee02480b
复制
发表时间：
2012-04-01
影响因子：
32.5
通讯作者：
Patel, M. K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eerhart, A. J. J. E.;Faaij, A. P. C.;Patel, M. K.
对从玉米基果糖开始生产生物塑料聚呋喃二甲酸乙二醇酯（PEF）进行了能量和温室气体（GHG）平衡研究。该研究的目的是分析和转化果糖的催化脱水的实验数据的模拟模型，使用白杨Plus建模软件。模拟模型结果的质量和能量平衡，然后被用作输入的过程链分析（通过应用的生命周期评估方法，LCA），并比较其石化对应的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）。PEF的生产可以分为三个主要单元：从玉米淀粉生产果糖;将果糖转化为呋喃类化合物并随后进行回收和升级;氧化为单体2，5-呋喃二甲酸（FDCA）并与乙二醇（EG）聚合成PEF。白杨Plus模拟模型描述了果糖转化为呋喃类化合物、随后的回收和提质以及热电联产装置。以玉米淀粉为原料生产果糖，并通过氧化和聚合得到PEF。总共分析了六个模型案例，使用不同的基础实验数据集;四个案例基于结晶果糖，两个案例基于高果糖玉米糖浆（HFCS）。果糖可以以38%至47%的效率转化为呋喃。与PET相比，PEF的生产可以减少NREU约40%至50%，而温室气体排放量可以减少约45%至55%。这些减少量高于其他生物基塑料，如聚乳酸（PLA）或聚乙烯（PE）。全球每年生产的PET瓶的市场规模约为1500万公吨（Mt），用PEF完全替代PET瓶将使我们能够节省440至520 PJ的不可再生能源使用（NREU），并减少20至35 Mt二氧化碳当量的温室气体排放。如果在PET纤维和薄膜行业也进行大量替代，则节省相应增加。通过改用秸秆等木质纤维原料，可进一步减少温室气体排放，但这需要更多的研究。
An energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) balance study was performed on the production of the bioplastic polyethylene furandicarboxylate (PEF) starting from corn based fructose. The goal of the study was to analyze and to translate experimental data on the catalytic dehydration of fructose to a simulation model, using the ASPEN Plus modeling software. The mass and energy balances of the simulation model results were then used as inputs for a process chain analysis (by application of the life cycle assessment methodology, LCA) and compared to its petrochemical counterpart polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The production of PEF can be divided into three main units: the production of fructose from corn starch; the conversion of fructose into Furanics and subsequent recovery and upgrading; and the oxidation to the monomer 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and polymerization with ethylene glycol (EG) into PEF. The ASPEN Plus simulation model describes the conversion of fructose into Furanics, subsequent recovery and upgrading and a CHP unit. The production of fructose from corn starch and the oxidation and polymerization into PEF were based on the literature. In total, six model cases were analyzed, using different sets of underlying experimental data; four cases based on crystalline fructose and two cases on high fructose corn syrup (HFCS). Fructose can be converted into Furanics at efficiencies between 38% and 47%. The production of PEF can reduce the NREU approximately 40% to 50% while GHG emissions can be reduced approximately 45% to 55%, compared to PET for the system cradle to grave. These reductions are higher than for other biobased plastics, such as polylactic acid (PLA) or polyethylene (PE). With an annual market size of approximately 15 million metric tonnes (Mt) of PET bottles produced worldwide, the complete bottle substitution of PEF for PET would allow us to save between 440 and 520 PJ of non-renewable energy use (NREU) and to reduce GHG emissions by 20 to 35 Mt of CO2 equivalents. If also substantial substitution takes place in the PET fibres and film industry, the savings increase accordingly. The GHG emissions could be further reduced by a switch to lignocellulosic feedstocks, such as straw, but this requires additional research.