Hypohydration and Hyperthermia Impair Neuromuscular Control after Exercise
Hypohydration and Hyperthermia Impair Neuromuscular Control after Exercise
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DOI：
10.1249/mss.0b013e3182805b83
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发表时间：
2013-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Maresh, Carl M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Distefano, Lindsay J.;Casa, Douglas J.;Maresh, Carl M.
目的：本研究旨在评估运动过程中低水化和高温对运动技术和姿势控制的影响。方法：12名健康男性（年龄= 20 +/- 2岁，身高= 182 +/- 8 cm，体重= 74.0 +/- 8.2 kg，（V）超过dotO（2 max）= 57.0 +/- 6.0 mL.kg（-1）.min（-1）;平均值+/- SD）完成了4个随机试验阶段：正常水化温和（EUT）、正常水化热（EUH）、低水化温和（HYT）和低水化热（HYH）。温和和热条件分别在18.0 ° C +/-0.2 ° C，50.0% +/-3.5%相对湿度和34.0 ° C +/-0.3 ° C，45.0% +/-4.5%相对湿度下进行。在运动前（PRE）、运动后（POST）和恢复后（REC）评估运动技术和姿势控制。使用着陆误差评分系统（LESS）评估运动技术。在动态平衡测试期间，使用平衡误差评分系统（BESS）和压力中心摇摆速度（SV）和椭圆摇摆面积（ESA）评估姿势控制。90分钟的跑步机运动方案（1.34-1.78 m.s（-1）; 5%等级）要求受试者背着20.5 kg的背包行走。受试者在运动后60分钟的恢复期内安静地坐在测试环境中。采用Tukey-HSD事后检验的重复测量ANOVA评价了因变量的时间和条件之间的差异。结果如下：与HYT（3.75 +/-1.76）和EUH（3.61 +/-1.71）相比，HYH期间的运动显著增加了LESS评分（PRE = 3.72 +/-1.73，POST = 4.42 +/-1.75）（P < 0.05）。与EUT相比，HYH在REC期间的LESS评分仍然升高（4.39 +/- 1.47 vs 3.47 +/- 2.05，P < 0.05）。HYH条件导致最大数量的BESS错误（P = 0.02），最大ESA（P < 0.05）和最高SV（P = 0.02）。无论条件，参与者有最BESS错误（P = 0.002）和最高的SV（P = 0.003）在POST期间相比，PRE和REC. Conclusions：在运动过程中水分不足的热损害神经肌肉控制。这些研究结果表明，在高温下脱水时的体力活动可能会影响与更高受伤风险相关的参数。
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of hypohydration and hyperthermia during exercise on movement technique and postural control. Methods: Twelve healthy men (age = 20 +/- 2 yr, height = 182 +/- 8 cm, mass = 74.0 +/- 8.2 kg, (V)over dotO(2max) = 57.0 +/- 6.0 mL.kg(-1).min(-1); mean +/- SD) completed four randomized test sessions: euhydrated temperate (EUT), euhydrated hot (EUH), hypohydrated temperate (HYT), and hypohydrated hot (HYH). Temperate and hot conditions were performed in 18.0 degrees C +/- 0.2 degrees C, 50.0% +/- 3.5% relative humidity, and 34.0 degrees C +/- 0.3 degrees C, 45.0% +/- 4.5% relative humidity, respectively. Movement technique and postural control were assessed before exercise (PRE), after exercise (POST), and after recovery (REC). Movement technique was evaluated using the Landing Error Scoring System (LESS). Postural control was assessed using the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) and center-of-pressure sway velocity (SV) and elliptical sway area (ESA) during a dynamic balance test. The 90-min treadmill exercise protocol (1.34-1.78 m.s(-1); 5% grade) required subjects to walk carrying a 20.5-kg rucksack. Subjects sat quietly in the test environment during a 60-min recovery period after exercise. Repeated-measures ANOVAs with a Tukey-HSD post hoc test evaluated differences between time and condition for dependent variables. Results: Exercise during HYH significantly increased LESS scores (PRE = 3.72 +/- 1.73, POST = 4.42 +/- 1.75) compared with HYT (3.75 +/- 1.76) and EUH (3.61 +/- 1.71) (P < 0.05). LESS scores remained elevated during REC for HYH compared with EUT (4.39 +/- 1.47 vs 3.47 +/- 2.05, P < 0.05). The HYH condition caused the greatest number of BESS errors (P = 0.02), largest ESA (P < 0.05), and highest SV (P = 0.02). Regardless of the condition, participants had the most BESS errors (P = 0.002) and highest SV (P = 0.003) during POST compared with the PRE and REC. Conclusions: Hypohydration during exercise in the heat impairs neuromuscular control. These findings suggest that physical activity in the heat while dehydrated may affect parameters associated with a higher risk of injury.