Self-reported Health, Functional Status and Chronic Disease in Community Dwelling Older Adults: Untangling the Role of Demographics
Self-reported Health, Functional Status and Chronic Disease in Community Dwelling Older Adults: Untangling the Role of Demographics
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DOI：
10.1007/s10900-009-9208-y
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发表时间：
2010-04-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Arafat, Raouf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Banerjee, Deborah;Perry, Mark;Arafat, Raouf
自我报告的健康状况是人口研究中广泛使用的一般健康状况的衡量标准，可能受到某些人口统计变量的影响，如性别，种族/民族和教育。2007年5月，在休斯顿市中心的一个社区进行了老年居民当前健康状况的横断面评估。一项调查工具，与慢性病患病率的问题，健康限制/功能状态，自我报告的主观健康状况，除了人口统计数据的家庭管理的居民进行了系统的随机抽样。老年人（>60岁）在家中由经过培训的访谈员进行访谈（加权N = 127）。结果表明，这些居民识字水平低，家庭收入低，经常报告的慢性病（高血压、糖尿病和关节炎）发病率高，也报告说不参加社群活动、志愿服务和以有组织宗教为中心的活动，因此，有可能使他们面临社会孤立的风险。妇女报告说，自我报告的健康状况较差，在所有健康限制指标方面似乎更差，并报告说，在参与社区活动方面存在更大的结构性障碍。黑人报告的所有指标的健康结果都比其他分组差，这表明慢性病自我管理和积极争取各种来源支持的技能培训可能对这一群体有益。因此，笼统地使用自我报告的健康状况作为“真实”人口健康状况的指标是不可取的。应充分考虑种族/族裔和性别差异，并应考虑到这些差异。
Self-reported health, a widely used measure of general health status in population studies, can be affected by certain demographic variables such as gender, race/ethnicity and education. This cross-sectional assessment of the current health status of older adult residents was conducted in an inner-city Houston neighborhood in May, 2007. A survey instrument, with questions on chronic disease prevalence, health limitations/functional status, self-reported subjective health status in addition to demographic data on households was administered to a systematic random sample of residents. Older adults (>60 years of age) were interviewed (weighted N = 127) at their homes by trained interviewers. The results indicated that these residents, with low literacy levels, low household income and a high prevalence of frequently reported chronic diseases (hypertension, diabetes and arthritis) also reported non-participation in community activities, volunteerism and activities centered on organized religion, thus, potentially placing them at risk for social isolation. Women reported poorer self-reported health and appeared to fare worse in all health limitation indicators and reported greater structural barriers in involvement with their community. Blacks reported worse health outcomes on all indicators than other sub-groups, an indication that skills training in chronic disease self-management and in actively eliciting support from various sources may be beneficial for this group. Therefore, the use of self-reported health with a broad brush as an indicator of "true'' population health status is not advisable. Sufficient consideration should be given to the racial/ethnic and gender differences and these should be accounted for.