How Does Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Influence Glial Cells in the Central Nervous System?
How Does Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Influence Glial Cells in the Central Nervous System?
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DOI：
10.3389/fncir.2016.00026
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Young KM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cullen CL;Young KM
经颅磁刺激（TMS）在临床上被广泛使用，虽然它对神经元的兴奋性有直接影响，但患者所经历的有益效果可能包括其他细胞类型的间接激活。过去二十年来进行的研究越来越清楚地表明，一群非神经元细胞（统称为神经胶质细胞）对神经元信号做出反应并促进神经元信号。每种胶质细胞类型都有直接或间接响应电活动的能力，使它们成为TMS的细胞效应器。经颅磁刺激可促进成体神经干细胞和祖细胞（NSPC）的增殖，但对细胞存活和分化的影响尚不确定。此外，关于星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞对TMS的反应的信息有限，并且关于少突胶质细胞谱系细胞对这种治疗的反应的数据完全缺乏。然而，由于神经胶质细胞在中枢神经系统（CNS）中的关键和多方面的作用，TMS对神经胶质细胞的影响肯定是一个值得仔细研究的领域。
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is widely used in the clinic, and while it has a direct effect on neuronal excitability, the beneficial effects experienced by patients are likely to include the indirect activation of other cell types. Research conducted over the past two decades has made it increasingly clear that a population of non-neuronal cells, collectively known as glia, respond to and facilitate neuronal signaling. Each glial cell type has the ability to respond to electrical activity directly or indirectly, making them likely cellular effectors of TMS. TMS has been shown to enhance adult neural stem and progenitor cell (NSPC) proliferation, but the effect on cell survival and differentiation is less certain. Furthermore there is limited information regarding the response of astrocytes and microglia to TMS, and a complete paucity of data relating to the response of oligodendrocyte-lineage cells to this treatment. However, due to the critical and yet multifaceted role of glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS), the influence that TMS has on glial cells is certainly an area that warrants careful examination.