Provably Robust Decisions based on Potentially Malicious Sources of Information

Provably Robust Decisions based on Potentially Malicious Sources of Information
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基于潜在恶意信息源的可证明稳健的决策

DOI:
10.1109/csf49147.2020.00036
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
--
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
Muller T
Muller T
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
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作者:
Muller T

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有时,必须使用对等点提供的信息来做出安全关键决策。想想路由消息、用户报告、传感器数据、导航信息、区块链更新。攻击者表现为策略性地报告虚假信息的对等方。信任模型使用所提供的信息,并试图建议正确的决策。通过对攻击的经验评估看起来准确的模型可能仍然容易受到操纵。对于安全关键决策,重要的是要考虑整个攻击空间。因此,我们定义了鲁棒性的属性:无论攻击者提供什么信息,正确决策的概率。我们引入了诚实实现的概念,这使我们能够绕过对具体反馈的推理。我们提出了两个方案,在正确的假设下是最佳的鲁棒性。“多数原则”是另一种更一般的方案的特殊情况,称为“最合理的实现”。
Sometimes a security-critical decision must be made using information provided by peers. Think of routing messages, user reports, sensor data, navigational information, blockchain updates. Attackers manifest as peers that strategically report fake information. Trust models use the provided information, and attempt to suggest the correct decision. A model that appears accurate by empirical evaluation of attacks may still be susceptible to manipulation. For a security-critical decision, it is important to take the entire attack space into account. Therefore, we define the property of robustness: the probability of deciding correctly, regardless of what information attackers provide. We introduce the notion of realisations of honesty, which allow us to bypass reasoning about specific feedback. We present two schemes that are optimally robust under the right assumptions. The “majority-rule” principle is a special case of the other scheme which is more general, named “most plausible realisations”.
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