Development and application of an inexpensive open-source dendrometer for detecting xylem water potential and radial stem growth at high spatial and temporal resolution
Development and application of an inexpensive open-source dendrometer for detecting xylem water potential and radial stem growth at high spatial and temporal resolution
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DOI：
10.1093/aobpla/plae009
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发表时间：
2024-03-20
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Barnard，David M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gleason，Sean M.;Stewart，Jared J.;Barnard，David M.
目前需要以高时间分辨率（<1 分钟）进行廉价、连续、非破坏性的水势测量。我们在这里描述了完全开源的树木测量仪的开发和测试，当与定期 Scholander 压力室测量相结合时，当放置在很少或没有二次生长的组织（叶柄、单子叶植物茎）上时，可以提供亚分钟分辨率的水势估计。当放置在双子叶植物和裸子植物物种上时，树木测量仪还可用于测量茎和枝的径向生长。树木测量仪可以直接与实验室或温室中的计算机实时连接，也可以连接到数据记录仪，以便在现场使用电池长期使用。我们在实验室条件下进行脱水和再浇水处理期间，在草本双子叶植物（向日葵）（叶柄和茎）和单子叶植物（玉米）物种（茎）上测试了该装置 1 周。我们还展示了该设备在田间记录木本双子叶植物（Rhustyphina）的树枝和树干直径变化的能力。在实验室条件下，我们将我们的设备（以下称为“接触”树木计）与另一种开源树木计（“光学”树木计）的修改版本进行了比较。总体而言，接触式树木测量仪和光学树木测量仪彼此吻合良好，皮尔逊相关系数范围为 0.77 至 0.97。两种树木计装置都与木质部水势的直接测量保持良好一致，校准曲线表现出显着的非线性，特别是在初始质壁分离点附近的水势，伪R2值（Efron）范围为0.89至0.99。总体而言，两种树木仪具有可比性，并提供足够的分辨率来检测由于光引起的蒸腾作用、蒸气压不足和干/湿土壤变化而导致的茎水势（约 50 kPa）的细微差异。提供了接触式树木测量仪的所有硬件设计、替代配置、软件和构建说明。
There is currently a need for inexpensive, continuous, non-destructive water potential measurements at high temporal resolution (<1 min). We describe here the development and testing of an entirely open-source dendrometer that, when combined with periodic Scholander pressure chamber measurements, provides sub-minute resolution estimates of water potential when placed on tissues exhibiting little or no secondary growth (petioles, monocotyledon stems). The dendrometer can also be used to measure radial growth of stems and branches when placed on dicotyledon and gymnosperm species. The dendrometer can be interfaced directly with a computer in real time in the lab or greenhouse, or connected to a datalogger for long periods of use in the field on batteries. We tested this device on a herbaceous dicotyledon (Helianthus annuus) (petioles and stems) and a monocotyledon (Zea mays) species (stems) for 1 week during dehydration and re-watering treatments under laboratory conditions. We also demonstrated the ability of the device to record branch and trunk diameter variation of a woody dicotyledon (Rhus typhina) in the field. Under laboratory conditions, we compared our device (hereafter ‘contact’ dendrometer) with modified versions of another open-source dendrometer (the ‘optical’ dendrometer). Overall, contact and optical dendrometers were well aligned with one another, with Pearson correlation coefficients ranging from 0.77 to 0.97. Both dendrometer devices were well aligned with direct measurements of xylem water potential, with calibration curves exhibiting significant non-linearity, especially at water potentials near the point of incipient plasmolysis, with pseudoR2values (Efron) ranging from 0.89 to 0.99. Overall, both dendrometers were comparable and provided sufficient resolution to detect subtle differences in stem water potential (ca. 50 kPa) resulting from light-induced changes in transpiration, vapour pressure deficit and drying/wetting soils. All hardware designs, alternative configurations, software and build instructions for the contact dendrometers are provided.