Re-thinking the functions of IgA+ plasma cells
Re-thinking the functions of IgA+ plasma cells
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DOI：
10.4161/19490976.2014.969977
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
12.2
通讯作者：
Fritz, Jorg H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gommerman, Jennifer L.;Rojas, Olga L.;Fritz, Jorg H.
肠粘膜拥有人体内最大的抗体 (Ab) 分泌浆细胞 (PC) 群，每天产生数克免疫球蛋白 A (IgA)。 IgA 具有多种功能，作为一线屏障，保护粘膜上皮免受病原体、毒素和食物抗原 (Ag) 的侵害，塑造肠道微生物群，并调节宿主共生体内平衡。共生定植诱导的信号对于调节 IgA 诱导、维持、定位和功能至关重要，新生儿和无菌 (GF) 动物中 IgA(+) PC 的数量显着减少。最近的证据表明，先天免疫效应分子肿瘤坏死因子 α (TNF α) 和诱导型一氧化氮合酶 (iNOS) 是稳定状态和感染期间 IgA(+) PC 稳态所必需的。此外，PC独立于Ab分泌的新功能不断出现，表明PC，包括IgA(+) PC，应该在炎症和感染的背景下重新检查。在这里，我们概述了 IgA(+) PC 生成和存活的机制，回顾了它们在健康和疾病中的功能。
The intestinal mucosa harbors the largest population of antibody (Ab)secreting plasma cells (PC) in the human body, producing daily several grams of immunoglobulin A (IgA). IgA has many functions, serving as a first-line barrier that protects the mucosal epithelium from pathogens, toxins and food antigens (Ag), shaping the intestinal microbiota, and regulating host-commensal homeostasis. Signals induced by commensal colonization are central for regulating IgA induction, maintenance, positioning and function and the number of IgA(+) PC is dramatically reduced in neonates and germ-free (GF) animals. Recent evidence demonstrates that the innate immune effector molecules tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) are required for IgA(+) PC homeostasis during the steady state and infection. Moreover, new functions ascribed to PC independent of Ab secretion continue to emerge, suggesting that PC, including IgA(+) PC, should be reexamined in the context of inflammation and infection. Here, we outline mechanisms of IgA(+) PC generation and survival, reviewing their functions in health and disease.