Permafrost degradation in the Western Russian Arctic
Permafrost degradation in the Western Russian Arctic
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DOI：
10.1088/1748-9326/ab6f12
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发表时间：
2020-03
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
A. Vasiliev;D. Drozdov;A. Gravis;G. Malkova;K. Nyland;D. Streletskiy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Vasiliev;D. Drozdov;A. Gravis;G. Malkova;K. Nyland;D. Streletskiy
全球气候观测系统和全球陆地观测网络已将冻土确定为“基本气候变量”，而地面温度和活动层动态是关键变量。这项工作提供了代表俄罗斯西部北极不同气候和环境条件的七个地点的长期气候和永久冻土监测数据。有关地区正在经历全球最高的永久冻土退化速度。1970年以来，年平均气温和降水量分别以0.0 5~0.0 7℃−1和1~3 mm yr−1的速度增加。作为对气候变化的反应，所有七个被检查的地点都显示出永久冻土迅速退化的证据。连续多年冻土区10~12m深度的年平均地温从0.03℃升高到0.06℃/−。所有地点的永久冻土表都下降了，在不连续的永久冻土区最高可达8米。根据所报告的观测结果，俄罗斯西部北极的永久冻土退化分为三个阶段。
The Global Climate Observing System and Global Terrestrial Observing Network have identified permafrost as an ‘Essential Climate Variable,’ for which ground temperature and active layer dynamics are key variables. This work presents long-term climate, and permafrost monitoring data at seven sites representative of diverse climatic and environmental conditions in the western Russian Arctic. The region of interest is experiencing some of the highest rates of permafrost degradation globally. Since 1970, mean annual air temperatures and precipitation have increased at rates from 0.05 to 0.07 °C yr−1 and 1 to 3 mm yr−1 respectively. In response to changing climate, all seven sites examined show evidence of rapid permafrost degradation. Mean annual ground temperatures increases from 0.03 to 0.06 °C yr−1 at 10–12 m depth were observed in continuous permafrost zone. The permafrost table at all sites has lowered, up to 8 m in the discontinuous permafrost zone. Three stages of permafrost degradation are characterized for the western Russian Arctic based on the observations reported.