The Sound of Silence: Exploring How Decreases in Tweets Contribute to Local Crisis Identification
The Sound of Silence: Exploring How Decreases in Tweets Contribute to Local Crisis Identification
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发表时间：
2018
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通讯作者：
R. Samuels;J. Taylor;Neda Mohammadi
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作者：
R. Samuels;J. Taylor;Neda Mohammadi
最近的研究发现，Twitter活跃度的增加与灾难造成的损害之间存在相关性。然而，这项研究未能考虑到发生在人们断电、缺乏互联网连接或在灾难期间不被迫发推特的地区的局部紧急情况。在这篇文章中，我们分析了飓风哈维期间每日推文计数与联邦应急管理局建筑物级别损失评估的相关性。我们发现，推特计数与稳定状态的绝对偏差对于应急人员不断变化的信息需求是一个潜在的有用工具。我们的结果表明，在整个灾害的时间范围内，这是一个更一致和持久的洪灾损失衡量标准。这表明，在考虑应急人员多样化的信息需求时，寻求识别紧急情况的社交媒体工具需要同时考虑推文数量在哪里增加，在哪里减少。
Recent research has identified a correlation between increasing Twitter activity and incurred damage in disasters. This research, however, fails to account for localized emergencies occurring in areas in which people have lost power, otherwise lack internet connectivity, or are uncompelled to Tweet during a disaster. In this paper, we analyze the correlation between daily Tweet counts and FEMA Building Level Damage Assessments during Hurricane Harvey. We find that the absolute deviation of Tweet counts from steady state is a potentially useful tool for the evolving information needs of emergency responders. Our results show this to be a more consistent and persistent metric for flood damage across the full temporal extent of the disaster. This shows that, when considering the varied information needs of emergency responders, social media tools that seek to identify emergencies need to consider both where Tweet counts are increasing and where they are dropping off.