Interplay between the Virus and Host in Rift Valley Fever Pathogenesis.
Interplay between the Virus and Host in Rift Valley Fever Pathogenesis.
复制标题
裂谷热发病机制中病毒与宿主之间的相互作用。
DOI：
10.1159/000373924
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Makino,Shinji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Terasaki,Kaori;Makino,Shinji
裂谷热病毒（RVFV）属于布尼亚病毒科白蛉病毒属，携带单链三部分RNA片段。这种病毒通过蚊子传播，在撒哈拉以南非洲和中东国家的反刍动物和人类中引起了大规模爆发。该病的特点是突然发热、头痛、肌肉痛、关节痛、畏光和虚弱。在大多数情况下，患者在一段时间后从疾病中恢复，但有些人也会出现视网膜或黄斑病变，导致持续时间不明的视力损害，并出现以出血热或脑炎为特征的严重疾病。该病毒还引起发热性疾病，导致反刍动物自然流产率很高。处理野生型裂谷热病毒需要高度控制的设施，包括生物安全4级或强化生物安全3级实验室。尽管如此，澄清裂谷热病毒引起的疾病的机制和预防研究是全世界活跃的研究领域。本文主要参考了近年来利用几种动物模型系统、蛋白质表达系统和特定突变病毒的研究，介绍了目前对裂谷热发病机制的了解以及影响裂谷热致病性的各种病毒蛋白的生物学功能。
Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) belongs to the genusPhlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae, and carries single-stranded tripartite RNA segments. The virus is transmitted by mosquitoes and has caused large outbreaks among ruminants and humans in sub-Saharan African and Middle East countries. The disease is characterized by a sudden onset of fever, headache, muscle pain, joint pain, photophobia, and weakness. In most cases, patients recover from the disease after a period of weeks, but some also develop retinal or macular changes, which result in vision impairment that lasts for an undefined period of time, and severe disease, characterized by hemorrhagic fever or encephalitis. The virus also causes febrile illness resulting in a high rate of spontaneous abortions in ruminants. The handling of wild-type RVFV requires high-containment facilities, including biosafety level 4 or enhanced biosafety level 3 laboratories. Nonetheless, studies clarifying the mechanisms of the RVFV-induced diseases and preventing them are areas of active research throughout the world. By primarily referring to recent studies using several animal model systems, protein expression systems, and specific mutant viruses, this review describes the current knowledge about the mechanisms of pathogenesis of RVF and biological functions of various viral proteins that affect RVFV pathogenicity.