High HIV prevalence in a southern semi-rural area of Mozambique: a community-based survey
High HIV prevalence in a southern semi-rural area of Mozambique: a community-based survey
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1468-1293.2012.01018.x
复制
发表时间：
2012-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Naniche, D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gonzalez, R.;Munguambe, K.;Naniche, D.
南部非洲国家在艾滋病毒/艾滋病大流行病中首当其冲。监测流行病学动态对于确定感染风险最大的人群和指导控制战略至关重要。方法在莫桑比克南部的曼西卡进行了一项以社区为基础的横断面研究，以确定年龄和性别特异性的艾滋病毒感染率。参与者是从该地区现有的人口监测系统中随机选择的，并在家中提供自愿的艾滋病毒咨询和检测。此外，前瞻性地收集了产前诊所（ANC）的艾滋病毒流行率估计。结果共邀请839人参与研究。其中，722人被招募（50.7%为女性）。社区总体艾滋病毒感染率为39.9%[95%可信区间（CI） 35.9-43.8%]。按年龄划分，18-27岁人群患病率为23.2% (95% CI 17.9-28.6%)， 28-37岁人群患病率为41.2% (95% CI 35.6-48.3%)， 38-47岁人群患病率为44.8% （95% CI 38.4-51.2%）。在所有年龄组中，妇女的艾滋病毒流行率都高于男子。社区妇女的总体艾滋病毒流行率估计值（43.1%;95% CI 37.6-48.5%）比参加ANC的妇女（29.4%;95% CI 26.7-32.0%）高1.4倍。结论该地区HIV高流行率，表明该地区HIV流行处于成熟稳定阶段。非洲裔美国人的感染率低于社区，这表明非洲裔美国人的评估可能低估了社区艾滋病毒的流行程度。需要有监测艾滋病毒感染动态的资源，以指导在该流行病造成最大损失的国家采取有针对性的控制战略。
Background Southern African countries have borne the brunt of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Monitoring epidemiological dynamics is critical to identify the populations at greatest risk of infection and to guide control strategies. Methods A cross-sectional community-based study to determine age- and sex-specific HIV prevalence among individuals aged 1847 years was carried out in Manhica, southern Mozambique. Participants were randomly selected from the demographic surveillance system in place in the area and voluntary HIV counselling and testing were offered at home. In addition, HIV prevalence estimates from the antenatal clinic (ANC) were collected prospectively. Results A total of 839 individuals were invited to participate in the study. Of these, 722 were recruited (50.7% women). The overall HIV prevalence in the community was 39.9% [95% confidence interval (CI) 35.9-43.8%]. By age, the prevalence was 23.2% (95% CI 17.9-28.6%) in individuals aged 18-27 years, 41.2% (95% CI 35.6-48.3%) in those aged 28-37 years and 44.8% (95% CI 38.4-51.2%) in those aged 38-47 years. HIV prevalence was higher among women than men in all age groups. The overall HIV prevalence estimate for women in the community (43.1%; 95% CI 37.6-48.5%) was 1.4 times higher than that for those attending the ANC (29.4%; 95% CI 26.7-32.0%). Conclusions The high HIV prevalence found in this region suggests that the epidemic is in a mature stable phase. The lower rates in the ANC than in the community suggest that ANC evaluations may underestimate community HIV prevalence. Resources to monitor HIV infection dynamics are needed to guide targeted control strategies in countries in which the epidemic exacts the greatest toll.