Geographic variation of color polymorphism in the two sibling ladybird species, Harmonia yedoensis and Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
Geographic variation of color polymorphism in the two sibling ladybird species, Harmonia yedoensis and Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
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两个兄弟瓢虫物种——Harmonia yedoensis 和 Harmonia axyridis（鞘翅目：瓢虫科）颜色多态性的地理变异
DOI：
10.1111/ens.12147
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Osawa N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Noriyuki S.;Osawa N.
研究了瓢虫瓢虫鞘翅颜色的地理变异。这两个种在日本中部同域分布;然而，只有H. yedoensi和H. axyridis分别出现在琉球群岛（日本南部）和北海道岛（日本北方）。在所有同域分布区中，两种昆虫鞘翅颜色模式的频率都存在显著差异，我们的结果与经典的Müllerian拟态理论不一致。异色瓢虫的优势度最高，而野瓢虫的优势度最低。此外，非黑色形式（红色底色，有或没有黑色斑点）的频率向南增加在H. yedoensis。这种趋势与已知的异色血吸虫地理渐变相反，异色血吸虫的黑色型（黑色底色，带有红色斑点）在日本列岛逐渐向北与非黑色型发生位移。我们讨论了可能的选择因素，包括捕食者回避，热适应和生殖特征的位移，所有这些都可能有助于维持的颜色多态性在两个Harmoniaspecies。
Geographical variation of elytra color pattern in two sibling ladybird species,Harmonia yedoensisandH. axyridis(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), was examined. The two species are distributed sympatrically in central Japan; however, onlyH. yedoensisandH. axyridisoccur in the Ryukyu Islands (southern Japan) and Hokkaido island (northern Japan), respectively. The frequency of elytra color patterns was significantly different between the two species in all sympatric locations and our results were inconsistent with the classical theory on Müllerian mimicry. The most dominant pattern ofH. axyridiswas the least dominant ofH. yedoensisin all sympatric populations. Furthermore, the frequency of the non‐melanic form (red ground color with or without black spots) increased towards the south inH. yedoensis. This tendency was in contrast to the known geographical cline inH. axyridisin which the melanic form (black ground color with red spots) was gradually displaced with the non‐melanic form northwards in the Japanese archipelago. We discuss possible selective factors including predator avoidance, thermal adaptation and reproductive character displacement, all of which might contribute to the maintenance of the color polymorphism in the twoHarmoniaspecies.