Analysis of complex mixtures - Cigarette smoke
Analysis of complex mixtures - Cigarette smoke
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DOI：
10.1016/j.etp.2005.05.010
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发表时间：
2005-07-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Klus, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Borgerding, M;Klus, H
主流香烟烟雾是一种复杂的混合物，被吸入呼吸系统。综述了主流烟气的物理特性和化学成分，并与侧流烟气进行了简要比较。特别注意的是老化的影响和伪像形成过程中的采样和测试的香烟烟雾，与具体的例子，伪像形成过程中的采样讨论（二氧化氮，亚硝酸甲酯等）。从历史上看，用于化学和生物学测试的香烟烟雾的产生是基于用于产品比较的标准烟雾产生程序。最近，新兴的全球法规要求替代烟雾产生方法，重点是与产品使用条件相关的结果，例如，估计最大烟雾排放量。建立这种替代烟雾产生方法的策略进行了讨论，并解决了替代吸烟条件对分析准确性和精度的潜在影响。包括Hoffmann分析物分析（即，据报道与吸烟风险有关的成分）也进行了总结，并考虑了替代烟雾产生方法对单个成分产量的潜在影响。最后，对与主流香烟烟雾测量相关的新法规提出了有限的批评，包括对世界卫生组织最近建议的讨论。(c)2005年Elsevier GmbH。All rights reserved.
Mainstream cigarette smoke is a complex mixture that is inhaled into the respiratory system. The physical characteristics and chemical composition of mainstream smoke are reviewed and briefly compared with that of sidestream smoke. Special attention is paid to ageing effects and artifact formation during the sampling and testing of cigarette smoke, with specific examples of artifact formation during sampling discussed (nitrogen dioxide, methyl nitrite, etc.). Historically, the generation of cigarette smoke for chemical and biological testing has been based on standard smoke generation procedures that are intended for product comparisons. More recently, emerging global regulations have called for alternative smoke generation methods, with emphasis on results relevant to conditions of product use, e.g., estimates of maximum smoke emissions. Strategies for establishing such alternative smoke generation methods are discussed and the potential effects of alternative smoking conditions on analytical accuracy and precision are addressed. Current regulatory requirements that include Hoffmann analyte analysis (i.e., constituents reported to be associated with the risks of cigarette smoking) are also summarized and the potential effect of alternative smoke generation methods on individual constituent yields considered. Finally, a limited critique of emerging regulation that relates to mainstream cigarette smoke measurements, including a discussion of recent WHO recommendations, is offered. (c) 2005 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.