2.5-year-olds use cross-situational consistency to learn verbs under referential uncertainty.
2.5-year-olds use cross-situational consistency to learn verbs under referential uncertainty.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2011.10.010
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发表时间：
2012-02
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Fisher C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Scott RM;Fisher C
最近的证据表明，儿童可以使用跨情境的统计数据来学习新的对象标签下的指称歧义（例如，）。这样的证据已被解释为支持的建议，统计信息的词所指共现起着强大的作用，在单词学习。但是物体标签只代表了孩子们获得的词汇的一小部分，可以说代表了基于对世界场景的观察的最简单的单词学习情况。在这里，我们将跨情境词汇学习的研究扩展到一个新的词汇段，动作动词，以允许更强的测试统计信息在词汇学习中的作用。在两个实验中，在每次试验中，2.5岁的孩子遇到了两个新的不及物动词（例如，“她在撒尿！”实验1）或及物动词（例如，“她在玩弄她的玩具！"实验2）同时观察两个动作事件。每个动词伴随每个动作的一致性提供了关于每个动词所指对象的唯一信息来源。2.5岁的孩子在动词学习中使用跨情境的一致性，但随着句子和场景变得稍微复杂，他们这样做的能力也表现出显着的限制。这些发现有助于界定跨情境观察在词汇学习中的作用。
Recent evidence shows that children can use cross-situational statistics to learn new object labels under referential ambiguity (e.g.,). Such evidence has been interpreted as support for proposals that statistical information about word-referent co-occurrence plays a powerful role in word learning. But object labels represent only a fraction of the vocabulary children acquire, and arguably represent the simplest case of word learning based on observations of world scenes. Here we extended the study of cross-situational word learning to a new segment of the vocabulary, action verbs, to permit a stronger test of the role of statistical information in word learning. In two experiments, on each trial 2.5-year-olds encountered two novel intransitive (e.g., “She’s pimming!”; Experiment 1) or transitive verbs (e.g., “She’s pimming her toy!”; Experiment 2) while viewing two action events. The consistency with which each verb accompanied each action provided the only source of information about the intended referent of each verb. The 2.5-year-olds used cross-situational consistency in verb learning, but also showed significant limits on their ability to do so as the sentences and scenes became slightly more complex. These findings help to define the role of cross-situational observation in word learning.
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影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Arunachalam, Sudha;Waxman, Sandra R.
通讯作者：
Waxman, Sandra R.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Arnold, Jennifer E.
通讯作者：
Arnold, Jennifer E.
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
GENTNER, D
通讯作者：
GENTNER, D
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Arunachalam S;Waxman SR
通讯作者：
Waxman SR