Frequency of 5+/4+ Drinks as a Screener for Drug Use and Drug-Use Disorders
Frequency of 5+/4+ Drinks as a Screener for Drug Use and Drug-Use Disorders
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DOI：
10.15288/jsad.2010.71.751
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Grant, Bridget F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dawson, Deborah A.;Compton, Wilson M.;Grant, Bridget F.
目的：本研究的目的是测试一项关于饮酒频率为5+(男性)或4+(女性)的问题在普通人群样本中筛查药物使用和药物使用障碍(DUDS)的能力。方法：利用2001-2002年从具有代表性的美国成年人样本(N=43,093)中收集的数据，包括过去一年急诊科使用过的亚样本(n=8,525)，过去一年饮用5+/4+饮料的频率被评估为药物使用和四类非法药物的哑巴筛查。结果：5+/4+饮品筛查对任何药物依赖的敏感度和特异度分别为72.4%和76.6%，对哑巴的敏感度和特异度分别为71.9%和77.3%，对普通人群任何药物使用的敏感度和特异度分别为63.3%和78.9%。大麻和可卡因/可卡因的敏感性和特异性较高，而非法处方药的敏感性和特异性最低。对于可卡因/可卡因依赖，最佳筛查临界点是每月一次或更多；对于可卡因/可卡因依赖，最佳筛查临界点是每月一次或更多；对于可卡因/可卡因依赖，最佳筛查临界点是一年或七次以上；对于吸食可卡因/可卡因/可卡因依赖，最佳筛查临界点是一年或一次以上；对于其他吸毒和非吸食措施，则是一年或一次以上。在过去一年去急诊科就诊的成年人中，敏感性和特异性相似，最佳筛查临界点是相同的。结论：过去一年饮用5+/4+饮料的频率对过去一年的大麻和可卡因/可卡因的使用和哑弹的筛查相当准确，但对非法处方药的使用和哑弹的筛查则不太准确。它的药物筛查潜力可以被认为是来自一项可能为了检测问题饮酒而被询问的项目的“附加值”。未来的工作可能会考虑以酒精消费筛查为起点，并提出后续问题来评估筛查阳性者中的非法药物使用情况。(J.Stud.酒精类毒品，71,751-760,2010)
Objective: The objective of this study was to test the ability of a question on frequency of drinking 5+ (for men) or 4+ (for women) drinks to screen for drug use and drug-use disorders (DUDs) in a general population sample. Method: Using data collected in 2001-2002 from a representative U.S. adult population sample (N = 43,093), including a subsample of those with past-year emergency-department use (n = 8,525), past-year frequency of drinking 5+/4+ drinks was evaluated as a screener for drug use and DUDs for four categories of illicit drugs. Results: Sensitivities and specificities of the 5+/4+ drinks screener were 72.4% and 76.6% for any drug dependence, 71.9% and 77.3% for any DUD, and 63.3% and 78.9% for any drug use in the general population. Sensitivities and specificities were higher for marijuana and cocaine/crack and lowest for illicit prescription drugs. Optimal screening cut-points were once a month or more for cocaine/crack dependence, either once or more a month or seven or more times a year for cocaine/crack DUDs, seven or more times a year for cocaine/crack use, and once or more a year for the other drug use and DUD measures. Sensitivity and specificity were similar among adults who had visited an emergency department in the past year, and the optimal screening cutpoints were identical. Conclusions: Past-year frequency of drinking 5+/4+ drinks was quite accurate as a screener for past-year marijuana and cocaine/crack use and DUDs, but it was less accurate for illicit prescription drug use and DUDs. Its drug-screening potential can be thought of as "added value" from an item already likely to be asked in the interest of detecting problem drinking. Future work may consider using the alcohol consumption screener as a starting point, with follow-up questions to assess illicit drug use among those who screen positive. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 71, 751-760, 2010)