Race and the shantytown in a race-less country: negros villeros , whiteness and urban space in Argentina
Race and the shantytown in a race-less country: negros villeros , whiteness and urban space in Argentina
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无种族国家中的种族和棚户区：阿根廷的黑人、白人和城市空间
DOI：
10.1080/17442222.2023.2216205
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
0.6
通讯作者：
Aguiló I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aguiló I
在这篇文章中，我们来看看生活在不稳定和非正式的城市化被称为别墅在阿根廷的人的种族化。在一个传统上由白人和欧洲人的叙述定义的国家里，维莱罗斯一直是种族差异的中心人物。虽然一些研究承认villeros遭受的种族主义，但这种种族化如何随着时间的推移而展开和转变仍然是一个很少研究的问题。在这里，我们看看他们的种族化集中在两个关键时刻。第一，包括1950年代和1960年代在内的时期，当时维莱罗斯作为需要现代化的种族化人物出现。第二，在20世纪90年代的新自由主义改革时期，维莱罗斯从需要教化的主体转变为需要警察部队处理的安全威胁。通过对比这两种制度的（超）可见性和种族化的villeros，我们证明，别墅是不是一个特定类型的城市发展，但带来了一套方法的空间化生产和管理的种族和阶级排斥的城市化的多样性。最后，我们认为，这主要是在文化生产的动态种族化的实现，并成为容易被忽视。
In this article, we look at the racialization of the people living in precarious and informal urbanizations known as villas in Argentina. In a country traditionally defined by narratives of whiteness and Europeanness, villeros have functioned as a central figure of racial otherness. Though some studies acknowledge the racism suffered by villeros, how this racialization has unfolded and transformed over time remains a question rarely examined. Here, we look at their racialization focusing on two critical moments. First, the period including the 1950s and 1960s when villeros emerged as racialized figures in need of modernization. Second, the period of neoliberal reforms in the 1990s when villeros shifted from being subjects requiring civilizing to becoming a security threat to be dealt with by police force. By contrasting these two regimes of (hyper)visibility and racialization of villeros, we demonstrate that the villas are not a specific type of urban development but a diversity of urbanizations brought together by a set of approaches to the spatialized production and management of racial and classist exclusion. Finally, we argue that it is mainly in cultural production that the dynamics of racialization materialize and become susceptible to contestation.