The Prisoners’ Dilemma Posed by Free Trade Agreements: Can Open Access Provisions Provide an Escape?
The Prisoners’ Dilemma Posed by Free Trade Agreements: Can Open Access Provisions Provide an Escape?
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自由贸易协定带来的囚徒困境：开放准入条款能否提供出路？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Lewis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Lewis
本文解释了为什么不符合关贸总协定第二十四条要求的涵盖各方之间“实质上所有贸易”精神的自由贸易协定（FTA）对多边贸易体制构成了严重挑战。它指出世贸组织成员在继续谈判此类自由贸易协定方面的矛盾行为，损害了世贸组织的利益。它将这种悖论描述为囚徒困境的一种形式，因为尽管成员国通过世贸组织追求贸易自由化会更好，但他们的主导策略是追求自由贸易协定。文章接着提出了一种务实的解决方案来解决这一困境，试图解决回顾性和前瞻性解决方案所带来的困难。
This article explains why free trade agreements (FTAs) that are not compliant with the spirit of GATT Article XXIV’s requirement that such agreements cover “substantially all the trade” between the parties pose serious challenges for the multilateral trading system. It notes the paradoxical behavior of WTO members in continuing to negotiate such free trade agreements to the detriment of the WTO. It characterizes this paradox as a form of Prisoners’ Dilemma, in that although members would be better off pursuing trade liberalization via the WTO, their dominant strategy is to pursue FTAs. The article goes on to propose a pragmatic solution to resolve the dilemma that attempts to navigate the difficulties posed by both retrospective and prospective solutions.