Neck pain and head restraint position relative to the driver's head in rear-end collisions
Neck pain and head restraint position relative to the driver's head in rear-end collisions
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DOI：
10.1016/s0001-4575(99)00126-8
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发表时间：
2000-03-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Williams, AF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chapline, JF;Ferguson, SA;Williams, AF
这项为期两年的调查旨在评估两车碰撞中追尾车辆驾驶员颈部疼痛的发生率，并确定颈部疼痛与特定车辆、人类和环境因素之间的关系。女性司机颈部疼痛的比例（45%）明显高于男性司机（28%）。对于女性和男性驾驶员，颈部疼痛的可能性增加，因为头枕高度降低到头部的重心以下，尽管这种影响只对女性显着。头枕后仰，即从驾驶员头部后部到头枕前部测量的水平距离，未发现与女性驾驶员的颈部疼痛有关。无法评估男性驾驶员的倒退趋势，因为很少有男性驾驶员的头枕高度足以使倒退相关。老年驾驶员（仅女性）、碰撞不太严重的驾驶员和重型汽车驾驶员（仅女性）报告的颈部疼痛减少;所有头枕分析均针对这些特征进行了调整。美国的女性，最有可能的是男性，将从与欧洲头枕标准的国际协调中受益匪浅。在此之前，应鼓励女性和男性调整其可调节头枕，如果可能的话，在其头部重心之后，并尽可能靠近其头枕坐着。(C)2000爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
This two-year investigation was designed to estimate the incidence of driver neck pain in rear-struck vehicles involved in two-vehicle collisions and to determine the relationship between neck pain and specific vehicle, human, and environmental factors. Neck pain percentages were significantly higher for female (45%) than for male (28%) drivers. For female and male drivers, neck pain likelihood increased as head restraint height decreased below the head's center of gravity, although this effect was significant only for females. Head restraint backset, the horizontal distance measured from the back of the driver's head to the front of the head restraint, was not found to be related to neck pain for female drivers. Backset trends for male drivers could not be evaluated because few male drivers had head restraints that were high enough for backset to be relevant. Reported neck pain decreased for older drivers (females only), drivers in less severe crashes, and drivers in heavier cars (females only); all head restraint analyses were adjusted for these characteristics. Women, and most likely men, in the United States would benefit greatly from international harmonization to European head restraint standards. Until then, both women and men should be encouraged to adjust their adjustable head restraints, if possible, behind their heads' centers of gravity and to sit with the backs of their heads as close as possible to their head restraints. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.