COMPENSATORY EYE-MOVEMENTS DURING ACTIVE AND PASSIVE HEAD MOVEMENTS - FAST ADAPTATION TO CHANGES IN VISUAL MAGNIFICATION
COMPENSATORY EYE-MOVEMENTS DURING ACTIVE AND PASSIVE HEAD MOVEMENTS - FAST ADAPTATION TO CHANGES IN VISUAL MAGNIFICATION
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DOI：
10.1113/jphysiol.1983.sp014762
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发表时间：
1983-01-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
STEINMAN, RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
COLLEWIJN, H;MARTINS, AJ;STEINMAN, RM
旋转的眼睛和头部的运动被记录在一个旋转的磁场与巩膜和颅骨的搜索线圈非常精确。在0.33-1.33 Hz的频率范围内，在主动和被动头部运动期间，在光照和黑暗中记录补偿性眼球运动。根据记录的标称注视运动，考虑到矫正眼镜的放大或缩小因素，重建有效注视。有效增益被计算为有效矫正眼球运动和头部运动的速度之间的比率。在光照下，头部主动运动时补偿性眼动的有效增益大多在0.97 ~ 1.03之间。它从来不是精确的统一，并且在受试者之间以及每个受试者的两只眼睛之间系统地不同。在光中被动头部运动期间，增益比主动运动期间低约3%。在黑暗中主动头部运动期间，增益大多在0.92和1.00之间;值比在光中主动运动期间低约5%。在黑暗中被动头部运动期间，增益比主动运动期间低约13%，并且眼动反应的可变性增加。通过给受试者戴放大或缩小眼镜40分钟至24小时来诱导这些基线条件的适应。眼动幅度的最大所需变化为36%。当主动头部运动时，补偿性眼球运动的幅度在光中以及在黑暗中迅速调整。大部分的适应前庭眼反射在黑暗中完成约30分钟。这个速度比以前的实验中发现的需要更大的适应性变化快得多。差异适应不平等的要求，2只眼睛被证明是非常困难或不可能的。在轻度冲突的情况下，系统调整到中间水平，将误差对称地分布在眼睛之间。差异较大时，双眼的适应过程由提供最有意义信息的单眼控制。
Rotational eye and head movements were recorded with great precision with scleral and cranial search coils in a rotating magnetic field. Compensatory eye movements were recorded in light and darkness during active as well as passive head movements in the frequency range 0.33-1.33 Hz. From the recorded, nominal gaze movements the effective gaze was reconstructed taking into account magnification or reduction factors of corrective spectacles. Effective gain was calculated as the ratio between the velocities of the effective corrective eye movements and the head movements. In the light, effective gain of compensatory eye movements during active head motion was mostly between 0.97 and 1.03. It was never precisely unity and differed systematically between subjects and between the 2 eyes of each subject. During passive head motion in the light, gain was lower by about 3% than during active motion. During active head movement in the dark, gain was mostly between 0.92 and 1.00; values were about 5% lower than during active motion in the light. During passive head movement in the dark, gain was about 13% lower than during active motion, and the variability of the oculomotor response increased. Adaptation of these base-line conditions was induced by fitting the subjects with magnifying or reducing spectacles for periods of 40 min to 24 h. The largest required change in amplitude eye movements was 36%. When active head movements were made, the amplitude of compensatory eye movements in the light as well as in the dark adjusted rapidly. Most of the adaptation of the vestibulo-ocular reflex in the dark was completed in about 30 min. This rate is much faster than that found in previous experiments requiring larger adaptive changes. Differential adaptation to unequal demands for the 2 eyes proved to be very hard or impossible. In a mild conflict situation the system adjusted to an intermediate level, distributing the error symmetrically between the eyes. When the discrepancy was large, thet adaptive process of both eyes was controlled by the 1 eye which provided the most meaningful information.