Agreement, case, and switch-reference in Amahuaca
Agreement, case, and switch-reference in Amahuaca
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Amahuaca 中的协议、案例和开关参考
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发表时间：
2019
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通讯作者：
Emily Clem
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作者：
Emily Clem
作者：艾米丽·克莱姆 |顾问：Deal，Amy Rose |摘要：本论文通过阿马瓦卡语（秘鲁亚马逊地区濒临灭绝的帕诺语）的形态句法来探讨“同意”句法操作的本质。我将阿玛瓦卡语法中两个相互关联的案例研究作为我的实证焦点：1）分裂作格系统，2）广泛的开关引用系统。在格领域，我认为阿马瓦卡中的显作格形态解释了及物主语与多个功能中心词的一致性。这导致了抽象作格所需的特征（仅与 v 一致）和触发显性作格所需的特征（与 v 和 T 一致）所需的特征之间的区别。抽象案例和形态案例之间的这种区别影响了 Amahuaca 切换参考系统的分析，我认为该系统对抽象案例敏感。除了区分大小写之外，Amahuaca 的切换引用系统还显示了跟踪动词所有参数（而不仅仅是主语）的引用的类型学上不寻常的属性。我建议这个系统是通过附加互补器协议产生的，该协议通过探针的循环扩展直接探测附加参数和矩阵参数。通过这两项调查，我得出结论，Amahuaca 为 Agree 的窄循环模型提供了支持，其中每个 Merge 实例都定义了一个新的 Agree 循环（Rezac 2003、2004；Bejar 和 Rezac 2009）。此外，如果我们假设某些探测器是贪得无厌的，与其搜索空间中的所有可能目标一致，则可以最直接地解释经验事实（Deal 2015b）。最后，尽管 Amahuaca 中的一些协议似乎距离很远，但我认为可以在相当保守的假设下捕获数据，即 Agree 始终处于 c-command 之下并且始终是阶段性的。
Author(s): Clem, Emily | Advisor(s): Deal, Amy Rose | Abstract: This dissertation probes the nature of the syntactic operation of Agree through the lens of the morphosyntax of Amahuaca, an endangered Panoan language of the Peruvian Amazon. I take as my empirical focus two interrelated case studies in Amahuaca syntax: 1) the split ergative case system, and 2) the extensive switch-reference system. In the domain of case, I argue that overt ergative case morphology in Amahuaca expones agreement of the transitive subject with multiple functional heads. This leads to a distinction between the features needed for abstract ergative case (agreement only with v), and the features needed to trigger overt ergative case (agreement with both v and T). This distinction between abstract and morphological case factors into the analysis of the switch-reference system of Amahuaca, which I argue is sensitive to abstract case. In addition to case-sensitivity, Amahuaca’s switch-reference system shows the typologically unusual property of tracking the reference of all arguments of the verb, not only subjects. I propose that this system arises through adjunct complementizer agreement that probes both the adjunct and matrix arguments directly through cyclic expansion of the probe. Through these two investigations, I conclude that Amahuaca provides support for a narrowly cyclic model of Agree in which each instance of Merge defines a new cycle of Agree (Rezac 2003, 2004; Bejar and Rezac 2009). Further, the empirical facts can be most straightforwardly accounted for if we assume that some probes are insatiable, agreeing with all possible goals in their search space (Deal 2015b). Finally, despite the fact that some agreement in Amahuaca appears to be long distance, I argue that the data can be captured under the fairly conservative assumption that Agree is always under c-command and is always phase-bound.