Appraising the Moderation Indonesian Muslims with Special Reference to Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama
Appraising the Moderation Indonesian Muslims with Special Reference to Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama
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评价印尼穆斯林的温和态度，特别是穆罕默德迪亚和乌里玛 (Nahdlatul Ulama)
DOI：
10.21043/addin.v12i1.4179
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Zarkasyi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Zarkasyi
与一些中东国家发生的更为自信的政治和激进的伊斯兰复兴相比，印度尼西亚被广泛认为是一个温和的伊斯兰品牌的所在地。然而，最近在印度尼西亚发生的一系列恐怖袭击和被归类为极端主义和原教旨主义的团体的出现给人以相反的印象。本文旨在评价印尼穆斯林的温和性。本研究的对象是两个最大的穆斯林组织，即伊斯兰教联合会和伊斯兰教联合会。在这一评价中，作者有选择地采用了西方学者和穆斯林知识分子的标准，因为观察家、知识分子和政策制定者越来越倾向于根据自己的利益提出某些温和的标准。对这些倾向的一般性调查表明，至少有三类温和的定义：极端主义、西方偏见和伊斯兰标准，每一类都包含可接受和不可接受的方面，需要进一步选择。正是从这些可以接受的标准出发，作者试图通过群众组织的愿景和使命，特别是穆斯林联合会和伊斯兰教联合会以及他们的教育系统来评价印度尼西亚穆斯林的温和。研究得出的结论是，根据伊斯兰和西方标准，大多数印度尼西亚穆斯林或主流仍然温和。
Indonesia is the country that has been widely regarded as home to a moderate brand of Islam compared to the more assertive political and militant Islamic revivals that have taken place in some of Middle East countries. However, recent series of terrorist attack and the emergence of groups that are categorized as extremist and fundamentalist in Indonesia have given opposite impression. This paper is aimed at appraising the the moderation of Indonesian Muslim. The object of this study is two largest Muslim organizations namely Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama. For this appraisal the author employs the selectively the criteria of Western scholars as well as Muslim intellectuals, since there are growing tendency of observers, intellectual and policy makers to pose certain criteria of moderation based on their own interests. General survey on those tendencies suggests that there are at least three categories of moderate definition: extremist, Western biased and Islamic criteria, each of which contain acceptable and unacceptable aspects that require further selection. It is from these acceptable criteria that the author attempts to appraise the moderation of Indonesian Muslims through the vision and mission of mass-organization, especially Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama as well as their education system. The study arrive on the conclusion that based on Islamic as well as Western criteria, the majority of Indonesian Muslims or the mainstream remain moderate.