CELLULAR-LOCALIZATION OF CARNOSINE-LIKE AND ANSERINE-LIKE IMMUNOREACTIVITIES IN RODENT AND AVIAN CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM
CELLULAR-LOCALIZATION OF CARNOSINE-LIKE AND ANSERINE-LIKE IMMUNOREACTIVITIES IN RODENT AND AVIAN CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM
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DOI：
10.1016/0306-4522(90)90335-2
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发表时间：
1990-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
MARGOLIS, FL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BIFFO, S;GRILLO, M;MARGOLIS, FL
氨基酰基组氨酸二肽存在于许多物种的神经组织中。许多脊椎动物的嗅黏膜和鳞茎中都含有丰富的肌肽(β-丙氨酰-L-组氨酸)。哺乳动物和鸟类的中枢神经系统中分别存在两个相关的二肽：高肌氨酸(γ-氨基丁酰基-L组氨酸)和安丝氨酸(β-丙氨酰-N-甲基-L-组氨酸)。这篇手稿描述了针对肌氨酸和安丝氨酸的抗血清的制备、表征和在免疫定位研究中的应用。Anserine抗血清对Anserine具有高度的特异性，而肌肽抗血清则与所有三种二肽发生交叉反应。抗血清的不同特异性，加上不同脑区二肽组成的化学特征，使得对不同二肽的细胞定位成为可能。安息香碱的免疫细胞化学定位此前未见报道。嗅觉系统中的肌肽免疫反应仅限于嗅黏膜中的成熟神经元、它们的轴突和嗅球肾小球层的突触终末。在辅助嗅觉系统中也可以看到类似的反应。星形胶质细胞和小脑Bergmann胶质细胞似乎解释了啮齿动物大脑中所有非嗅觉肌肽样免疫反应染色的原因。相反，在抗丝氨酸含量丰富的鸟类中枢神经系统中，广泛存在的anserine样免疫反应明显仅与神经胶质细胞有关。因此，嗅觉感受器神经元似乎是唯一表达肌肽的神经元群体。在中枢神经系统的其他地方，氨基酰组氨酸二肽与不同的神经胶质细胞群有关。
Aminoacylhistidine dipeptides are present in the nervous tissue of many species. The olfactory mucosa and bulb of many vertebrates are rich in carnosine (.beta.-alanyl-L-histidine). Two related dipeptides homocarnosine (.gamma.-aminobutyryl-L-histidine) and anserine (.beta.-alanyl-N-methyl-L-histidine) are presnt in the CNS of mammals and birds, respectively. This manuscript describes the production, characterization and use in immunolocalization studies of antisera directed against carnosine and anserine. The anserine antiserum is highly specific for anserine while the carnosine antiserum cross-reacts with all three dipeptides. The differential specificity of the antisera, coupled with chemical characterization of the dipeptide composition of various brain regions, has permitted assignment of the cellular localization of the various dipeptides. Immunocytochemical localization of anserine has not been previously reported. Carnosine immunoreactivity in the olfactory system is restricted to the mature neurons in the olfactory mucosa, their axons and synaptic terminations in the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb. Similar reactivity is seen in the accesory olfactory system. Astrocytes and cerebellar Bergmann glia seem to account for all the non-olfactory carnosine-like immunoreactive staining in the rodent brain. In contrast, in the avian CNS where antiserine is chemically abundant, anserine-like immunoreactivity is widespread and apparently exclusively associated with glial cells. Thus, the olfactory receptor neurons appear to be the only neuronal population that expresses carnosine. Elsewhere in the CNS the aminoacylhistidine dipeptides are associated with various populations of glia.