Congenital and acquired brain injury. 1. Brain injury: Epidemiology and pathophysiology
Congenital and acquired brain injury. 1. Brain injury: Epidemiology and pathophysiology
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DOI：
10.1053/apmr.2003.50052
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发表时间：
2003-03-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Miller, MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Greenwald, BA;Burnett, DM;Miller, MA
这个自我指导的学习模块强调了在脑损伤病理生理学、流行病学、严重程度量表和治疗干预方面的最新进展，以尽量减少成人和儿童的脑损伤。它是物理医学和康复的从业人员和培训生的自我指导体育教育计划中先天性和获得性脑损伤章节的一部分。本文综述了脑损伤的流行病学，并强调了儿童与老年人脑损伤的差异。本文综述了继发性脑损伤的潜在生理和化学机制，以及减少这种损伤的策略和研究。当代的理解机制和治疗的早产儿脑损伤也进行了讨论。脑损伤严重程度的分类为这一异质性群体提供了一种分层的方法。文章总体目的：(a)总结各年龄段脑损伤的流行病学和预防策略，(b)回顾儿童和成人脑损伤的病理生理学，(c)按严重程度对脑损伤进行分类。
This self-directed learning module highlights recent advances in the understanding of brain injury pathophysiology, epidemiology, severity scales, and treatment interventions to minimize brain injury in adults and children. It is part of the chapter on congenital and acquired brain injury in the Self-Directed Physiatric Education Program for practitioners and trainees in physical medicine and rehabilitation. In this article, brain injury epidemiology is summarized, and differences in between brain injury in pediatric and elderly persons are highlighted. Underlying physiologic and chemical mechanisms for secondary brain injury are reviewed, along with strategies and research to minimize this injury. Contemporary understanding of the mechanisms and treatments of brain injury in preterm infants is also discussed. Classification of brain injury severity provides a way to stratify this heterogeneous group.Overall Article Objective: (a) To summarize brain injury epidemiology and prevention strategies across the age spectrum, (b) to review the pathophysiology of pediatric and adult brain injury, and (c) to classify brain injury by severity scales.