Larval Preference and Performance of Amyelois transitella (Navel Orangeworm, Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Relation to the Fungus Aspergillus flavus
Larval Preference and Performance of Amyelois transitella (Navel Orangeworm, Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Relation to the Fungus Aspergillus flavus
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DOI：
10.1093/ee/nvv160
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发表时间：
2016-02-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Berenbaum, May R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ampt, Eline A.;Bush, Daniel S.;Berenbaum, May R.
脐橙蠕虫Amyelois transitella（步行者）是加州坚果作物的一种多食性害虫，在美国造成了广泛的损失。它直接损害农作物，用粪便和网状物喂养和污染坚果，并传播寄生真菌感染农作物。脐橙蠕虫通常与曲霉属物种有关，包括致腐黄曲霉，其通过产生致癌物质（包括黄曲霉毒素B1）导致作物损失。这种鳞翅目真菌协会是经济上最严重的害虫复杂的中央谷果园，证据表明，这种关系是互惠的。我们评估了与A.在行为生物测定中，允许新生儿在有或没有真菌组织的培养基中定向，以及在有或没有A.马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂（PDA）和半限定杏仁PDA饮食上的黄蛹，以评估对发育和蛹重的影响。脐橙幼虫被A.在它的存在下，幼虫生长得更快，这表明对毛虫有营养益处。幼虫在含A的饲料中化蛹快33%。在这种饮食中，雄性的蛹重量高出18%，雌性的蛹重量高出13%。结果表明，A.黄部在幼虫在感染宿主上的定向和发育中起重要作用。脐橙蠕虫和黄曲霉之间的偏好性能的关系是一致的兼性互利共生，害虫管理工作和昆虫-植物相互作用的基本理解具有广泛的影响。
The navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Walker), is a polyphagous pest of California nut crops and is responsible for extensive losses in the United States. It directly damages crops by feeding and contaminating nuts with frass and webbing and vectors saprophytic fungi that infect crops. The navel orangeworm is commonly associated with Aspergillus species, including the toxigenic Aspergillus flavus, which causes crop loss by producing carcinogens, including aflatoxin B1. This lepidopteran-fungus association is the most economically serious pest complex in Central Valley orchards, and evidence indicates that this relationship is mutualistic. We assessed preference and performance of navel orangeworm larvae associated with A. flavus in behavioral bioassays in which neonates were allowed to orient within arenas to media with or without fungal tissue, and performance bioassays in which larvae were reared with and without A. flavus on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and a semidefined almond PDA diet to evaluate effects on development and pupal weight. Navel orangeworm larvae were attracted to A. flavus and developed faster in its presence, indicating a nutritional benefit to the caterpillars. Larvae reached pupation similar to 33% faster on diet containing A. flavus, and pupal weights were similar to 18% higher for males and similar to 13% higher for females on this diet. Our findings indicate that A. flavus plays an important role in larval orientation and development on infected hosts. The preference-performance relationship between navel orangeworms and Aspergillus flavus is consistent with a facultative mutualism that has broad implications for pest management efforts and basic understanding of Lepidoptera-plant interactions.