Dynamic changes of anti-oxidative enzymes of 10 wheat genotypes at soil water deficits.
Dynamic changes of anti-oxidative enzymes of 10 wheat genotypes at soil water deficits.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.colsurfb.2005.02.007
复制
发表时间：
2005-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Shao;Z. Liang;M. Shao;Qun Sun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Shao;Z. Liang;M. Shao;Qun Sun
干旱是一个世界性的问题，严重影响农作物的产量和质量，其损失是其他自然灾害的总和，随着全球气候变化的加剧，这一问题更加严重。小麦是世界35%以上人口的主要粮食作物，小麦抗旱生理研究对小麦生产和生物育种具有重要意义。目前国内外对这一研究热点进行了大量的研究，但由于抗旱性是一个多基因控制的数量性状，小麦基因组较大（16,000Mb），研究进展缓慢。另一方面，胁迫适应机制因胁迫程度、生长发育阶段、时间进程、材料和试验地块的不同而有很大差异，从而增加了问题的复杂性。另外，对小麦全生命周期的研究较少，不能全面了解小麦的抗旱机理。以10种具有应用潜力的小麦基因型为材料，测定了小麦全生育期（苗期、翻耕期和成熟期）相关生理指标的变化。在此，我们报告了整个阶段的动态抗氧化结果，结果表明：（1）10个小麦基因型在苗期、翻耕期和成熟期的POD、SOD、CAT活性变化规律如下：（1）10个小麦基因型可分为三类（分别为A、B、C）按其测定指标的变化趋势;（2）A组在处理水平1下表现出较好的抗旱性，（3）在处理水平2下，B组表现出较强的抗旱性，其抗氧化酶活性较高;（4）C组在处理水平3下表现出一定的抗旱性，其抗氧化酶活性较强，MDA含量较低;（5）这些结果表明不同基因型小麦对干旱胁迫的适应具有不同的生理机制，其分子基础是离散的基因表达谱（6）我们的研究结果还表明，大多数研究者所接受和采用的概念和方法，即75%的FC是高等植物的适宜供应量，是值得怀疑的，因为这一水平不能反映不同小麦基因型的真实适宜水平;（8）不同小麦基因型POD、SOD和CAT活性在不同时期和不同土壤水分胁迫条件下的变化趋势存在较大差异，这与其栽培来源和个体土壤水分胁迫阈值有关;（9）初步研究结果还首次表明，小麦在整个生命周期内对环境胁迫的适应性变化趋势为S型曲线，与植物生长大周期曲线相吻合。
Drought is a world-spread problem seriously influencing crop production and quality, the loss of which is the total for other natural disasters, with increasing global climate change making the situation more serious. Wheat is the staple food for more than 35% of world population, so wheat anti-drought physiology study is of importance to wheat production and biological breeding for the sake of coping with abiotic and biotic conditions. Much research is involved in this hot topic, but the pace of progress is not so large because of drought resistance being a multiple-gene-control quantitative character and wheat genome being larger (16,000Mb). On the other hand, stress adaptive mechanisms are quite different, with stress degree, different growth and developmental stages, time course, materials and experimental plots, thus increasing the complexity of the issue in question. Additionally, a little study is related to the whole life circle of wheat, which cannot provide a comprehensive understanding of its anti-drought machinery. We selected 10 kinds of wheat genotypes as materials, which have potential to be applied in practice, and measured change of relative physiological indices through wheat whole growing developmental circle (i.e. seedling, tillage and maturing). Here, we reported the dynamic anti-oxidative results of whole stage (i.e. seedling, tillage and maturing) in terms of activities of POD, SOD, CAT of 10 wheat genotypes as follows: (1) 10 wheat genotypes can be grouped into three kinds (A, B and C, respectively) according to their changing trend of the measured indices; (2) A group performed better resistance drought under the condition of treatment level 1, whose activities of anti-oxidative enzymes (POD, SOD, CAT) were higher; (3) B group exhibited stronger anti-drought under treatment level 2, whose activities of anti-oxidative enzymes were higher; (4) C group expressed anti-drought to some extent under treatment level 3, whose activities of anti-oxidative enzymes were stronger, MDA lower; (5) these results demonstrated that different wheat genotypes have different physiological mechanisms to adapt themselves to changing drought stress, whose molecular basis is discrete gene expression profiling (transcriptom); (6) our results also showed that the concept and method accepted and adopted by most researchers – that 75% FC is a proper supply for higher plants – was doubted because this level could not reflect the true suitable level of different wheat genotypes; (7) our research can provide insights into physiological mechanisms of crop anti-drought and direct practical materials for wheat anti-drought breeding; (8) POD, SOD and CAT activities of different wheat genotypes had quite different changing trend at different stages and under different soil water stress conditions, which was linked with their origin of cultivation and individual soil water stress threshold; (9) our primary results also firstly displayed that the changing trend for wheat adapting to environmental stress during life circle was an S-shaped curve, which is, by chance, consistent with Plant Growth Grand Periodicity Curve.