The Relation between Salt and Ionic Transport Coefficients
The Relation between Salt and Ionic Transport Coefficients
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盐与离子传输系数之间的关系
DOI：
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发表时间：
1966
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Leaf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
O. Kedem;A. Leaf
反射系数最初由Staverman引入，用于描述非电解质通过膜的运动。当这个系数扩展到盐时，人们可以选择将这个术语定义为作为单个电中性组分移动的整个盐或盐的单个离子。后一种定义仅在没有电场穿过渗透性屏障的情况下才有意义。这种情况可以通过电压钳或短路技术来实现，并且在处理很少只有单一盐或甚至主要阴离子和阳离子浓度相等的生物系统时特别有用。导出了盐与其单个离子的输运系数之间的关系。讨论了在盐存在下，荷电膜发生负渗透的特殊条件。
The reflection coefficient was originally introduced by Staverman to describe the movement of nonelectrolytes through membranes. When this coefficient is extended to salts, one has a choice of defining this term for the whole salt moving as a single electrically neutral component or for the individual ions of the salt. The latter definition is meaningful only in the absence of an electric field across the permeability barrier. This condition may be achieved with the voltage clamp or short-circuit technique and is especially useful in dealing with biological systems in which one rarely has only a single salt or even equal concentrations of the major anion and cation. The relations between the transport coefficients for the salt and its individual ions are derived. The special conditions which may result in negative osmosis through a charged membrane in the presence of a salt are discussed.